Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2020 Oct;17(10):631-649. doi: 10.1038/s41571-020-0378-y. Epub 2020 May 28.
The cancer landscape of the USA is continually evolving owing to changing risk factor patterns and disease classifications, improvements in detection and treatment, and demographic changes, such as ageing and population growth. Monitoring the burden of cancer, including incidence and mortality, is a key tool for assessing progress, identifying emerging trends and setting priorities to reduce the burden. In this Perspective, we describe trends in cancer incidence and mortality in the USA overall, and for major cancer types, and describe the main contributing factors, including risk factors, screening, treatment and access to care. When relevant, we provide information based on sex and common classifications of race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status and geographical region. We then discuss the implications of the patterns of cancer incidence and mortality for cancer research, prevention and care.
由于风险因素模式和疾病分类的变化、检测和治疗的改进以及人口老龄化和人口增长等人口变化，美国的癌症状况不断演变。监测癌症的负担，包括发病率和死亡率，是评估进展、确定新出现的趋势和确定优先事项以减轻负担的关键工具。在本观点中，我们描述了美国整体癌症发病率和死亡率的趋势，以及主要癌症类型的趋势，并描述了主要的促成因素，包括风险因素、筛查、治疗和获得护理的机会。在相关情况下，我们根据性别和常见的种族/民族、社会经济地位和地理位置分类提供信息。然后，我们讨论了癌症发病率和死亡率模式对癌症研究、预防和护理的影响。
