Hashemiparast Mina, Sharma Manoj, Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad, Hosseini Zahra
1Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
2Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University (Challenging Minds, Changing Lives), 350 West Woodrow Wilson Avenue, Jackson, Mississipi 39213 USA.
Arch Public Health. 2020 May 18;78:44. doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00421-2. eCollection 2020.
Pedestrian-vehicle collision is one of the most common traffic injuries worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of pedestrians' road crossing beliefs and behaviors in potentially risky situations using the Theory of Planned Behavior among Iranian young adults.
This was a population-based study on a sample of 562 young adults aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected by using a self-administered validated questionnaire including constructs of the theory of planned behavior and items of perceived risk and severity. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of variance.
From all the respondents, 17.8% reported that they had previous experience of vehicle-collision. Among the participants, those who had previous experience of vehicle-collision reported less safety behaviors in crossing the road than those who had not experience an accident. It was found significant differences between participants with and without a history of vehicle-collision for perceived risk (mean difference, adjusted multivariate -value: - 5.77, 0.027) and perceived severity (- 6.08, 0.003), attitude toward traffic regulations (- 6.34, 0.006), attitude toward behavior (- 7.56, 0.005), perceived behavioral control (- 5.20, 0.018), behavioral intention (- 5.35, 0.046) and road crossing behavior in potentially risky situations (- 5.37, 0.004).
Previous unpleasant experience of vehicle-collision is not the only determinant of self-protective behaviors in road- crossing which indicate the role of cognitive and motivational factors such as, subjective norms, attitudes towards risk, feelings of invulnerability in case of facing with vehicle collision.
行人与车辆碰撞是全球最常见的交通伤害之一。本研究旨在运用计划行为理论，调查伊朗年轻人在潜在危险情况下过马路的信念和行为的决定因素。
这是一项基于人群的研究，样本为居住在伊朗德黑兰的562名18至25岁的年轻人。通过使用一份经过验证的自填问卷收集数据，问卷包括计划行为理论的构成要素以及感知风险和严重性的项目。使用独立t检验、协方差分析和多变量方差分析对数据进行分析。
在所有受访者中，17.8%报告称他们有过车辆碰撞的经历。在参与者中，有过车辆碰撞经历的人在过马路时报告的安全行为比没有经历过事故的人少。发现有车辆碰撞史和没有车辆碰撞史的参与者在感知风险（平均差异，调整后的多变量p值：-5.77，0.027）、感知严重性（-6.08，0.003）、对交通法规的态度（-6.34，0.006）、对行为的态度（-7.56，0.005）、感知行为控制（-5.20，0.018）、行为意图（-5.35，0.046）以及在潜在危险情况下的过马路行为（-5.37，0.004）方面存在显著差异。
以前不愉快的车辆碰撞经历不是过马路时自我保护行为的唯一决定因素，这表明认知和动机因素的作用，如主观规范、对风险的态度、面对车辆碰撞时的无懈可击感。
