National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy.
PLoS One. 2020 May 29;15(5):e0234010. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234010. eCollection 2020.
In Europe HAV infection occurs mainly among specific risk groups, such as consumers of specific food. Sexual transmission of HAV has been demonstrated, particularly among Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men (MSM), causing MSM-specific outbreaksin Europe. Here we report a molecular epidemiologic and phylodynamic analysis on HAV sequences in Lazio (central Italy)to identify genetic background and the phylogenetic relations, and test the HAV infection dynamics during a large outbreak through phylodynamic model.Among all HAV sequences found during 2013-2018 in Lazio, low genetic diversity was observed in HAV population in 2016 and 2017, along with high frequenciesVRD_521_2016and RIVM-HAV16-090, suggesting a large expansion event of viral population. The initial expansion of both VRD_521_2016 and RIVM-HAV16-090 clusters dated back to 2012 (95% HPD:2006-2015). During the2016-2017outbreak in Lazio region, the Re peaked around mid-2016, with a value of 1.73 (95% HPD: 1.03-2.37), consistent with incidence trend of AHA cases in Lazio between 2016 and mid-2017. This study showed the magnitude of HAV outbreak in Lazio during 2016-2017, demonstrating the epidemic continuity to MSM-specific outbreak in Europe. The HAV dataset is available on interactive phylodynamic platform https://nextstrain.org to real-time update of future outbreaks.
在欧洲，HAV 感染主要发生在特定的风险群体中，例如特定食品的消费者。已经证明 HAV 可以通过性传播，尤其是在男男性行为者（MSM）中，导致欧洲特定的 MSM 爆发。在这里，我们报告了对拉齐奥（意大利中部）HAV 序列的分子流行病学和系统发育动力学分析，以确定遗传背景和系统发育关系，并通过系统发育模型检验在一次大型暴发期间 HAV 感染的动态。在拉齐奥 2013-2018 年期间发现的所有 HAV 序列中，2016 年和 2017 年 HAV 群体的遗传多样性较低，同时 VRD_521_2016 和 RIVM-HAV16-090 的频率较高，表明病毒群体发生了大规模扩张事件。VRD_521_2016 和 RIVM-HAV16-090 两个集群的最初扩张可以追溯到 2012 年（95% HPD：2006-2015 年）。在拉齐奥地区 2016-2017 年暴发期间，Re 在 2016 年年中左右达到峰值，值为 1.73（95% HPD：1.03-2.37），与拉齐奥 2016 年至 2017 年年中期间 AHA 病例的发病趋势一致。本研究显示了拉齐奥 2016-2017 年 HAV 暴发的规模，证明了与欧洲 MSM 特定暴发的连续性。HAV 数据集可在交互式系统发育平台 https://nextstrain.org 上获得，以实时更新未来的暴发情况。
