University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Neuroimage. 2020 Oct 1;219:116896. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116896. Epub 2020 May 26.
Cognitive insight is defined as the ability to reflect upon oneself (i.e. self-reflectiveness), and to not be overly confident of one's own (incorrect) beliefs (i.e. self-certainty). These abilities are impaired in several disorders, while they are essential for the evaluation and regulation of one's behavior. We hypothesized that cognitive insight is a dynamic process, and therefore examined how it relates to temporal dynamics of resting state functional connectivity (FC) and underlying structural network characteristics in 58 healthy individuals.
Cognitive insight was measured with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale. FC characteristics were calculated after obtaining four FC states with leading eigenvector dynamics analysis. Gray matter (GM) and DTI connectomes were based on GM similarity and probabilistic tractography. Structural graph characteristics, such as path length, clustering coefficient, and small-world coefficient, were calculated with the Brain Connectivity Toolbox. FC and structural graph characteristics were correlated with cognitive insight.
Individuals with lower cognitive insight switched more and spent less time in a globally synchronized state. Additionally, individuals with lower self-reflectiveness spent more time in, had a higher probability of, and had a higher chance of switching to a state entailing default mode network (DMN) areas. With lower self-reflectiveness, DTI-connectomes were segregated less (i.e. lower global clustering coefficient) with lower embeddedness of the left angular gyrus specifically (i.e. lower local clustering coefficient).
Our results suggest less stable functional and structural networks in individuals with poorer cognitive insight, specifically self-reflectiveness. An overly present DMN appears to play a key role in poorer self-reflectiveness.
认知洞察力被定义为反思自身的能力（即自我反省），以及不盲目自信自己的错误信念（即自我确信）。这些能力在几种障碍中受到损害，而它们对于评估和调节自己的行为至关重要。我们假设认知洞察力是一个动态的过程，因此研究了它如何与 58 名健康个体的静息状态功能连接（FC）的时间动态以及潜在的结构网络特征相关。
使用贝克认知洞察力量表测量认知洞察力。使用主特征向量动力学分析获得四个 FC 状态后，计算 FC 特征。基于 GM 相似性和概率追踪术获得灰质（GM）和 DTI 连接组。使用脑连接工具箱计算结构图特征，如路径长度、聚类系数和小世界系数。将 FC 和结构图特征与认知洞察力相关联。
认知洞察力较低的个体切换次数更多，全局同步状态的时间更短。此外，自我反省程度较低的个体在默认模式网络（DMN）区域中花费更多时间、更有可能进入该状态，并且更有可能切换到该状态。自我反省程度较低的个体，DTI-连接组的分离度较低（即全局聚类系数较低），特别是左角回的嵌入度较低（即局部聚类系数较低）。
我们的结果表明，认知洞察力较差的个体的功能和结构网络稳定性较差，特别是自我反省程度较差。过度活跃的 DMN 似乎在较差的自我反省中起着关键作用。
