IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy.
IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2020 Jul;189:111267. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111267. Epub 2020 May 27.
Hypertension is a common age-related disease, along with vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Vascular ageing increases during hypertension, but hypertension itself accelerates vascular ageing, thus creating a vicious circle. Vascular stiffening, endothelial dysfunction, impaired contractility and vasorelaxation are the main alterations related to vascular ageing, as a consequence of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells senescence. Several molecular mechanisms have been involved into the functional and morphological changes of the aged vessels. Among them, oxidative stress, inflammation, extracellular matrix deregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction are the best characterized. In the present review, we discuss relevant literature about the biology of vascular and cerebrovascular ageing with a particular focus on mitochondria signalling. We underline the therapeutic strategies, able to improve mitochondrial health, which may represent a promising tool to decrease vascular dysfunction associated with ageing and hypertension-related complications.
高血压是一种常见的与年龄相关的疾病，同时还伴随着血管和神经退行性疾病。在高血压期间，血管老化会加剧，但高血压本身也会加速血管老化，从而形成一个恶性循环。血管僵硬、内皮功能障碍、收缩和舒张功能受损是与血管老化相关的主要改变，这是血管平滑肌和内皮细胞衰老的结果。几种分子机制已涉及到老化血管的功能和形态变化。其中，氧化应激、炎症、细胞外基质失调和线粒体功能障碍是最典型的特征。在本综述中，我们讨论了与血管和脑血管老化相关的生物学的相关文献，特别关注线粒体信号。我们强调了能够改善线粒体健康的治疗策略，这可能是降低与衰老和高血压相关并发症相关的血管功能障碍的有前途的工具。
