Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Kálvária Ave. 57, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary.
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA.
Compr Psychiatry. 2020 Aug;101:152183. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152183. Epub 2020 May 11.
The importance of personality characteristics in the diagnosis and treatment of gambling disorder (GD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often highlighted in scientific literature. This study aimed to test predictions about the associations of temperament and character in chronic AUD patients with comorbid GD symptoms and without them.
Chronic AUD patients enrolled from an inpatient clinic were divided in two groups based on cluster analysis, AUD patients with (AUD + GD group: n = 30) and without (AUD group: n = 68) GD symptoms. Severity of GD symptoms and personality dimensions (Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory Revised, TCI-R) were assessed. Associations of tested variables were analysed with analysis of covariance, one-sample and independent sample t-tests.
GD symptoms proved to be a clustering factor in terms of personality, where AUD + GD group expressed a more maladaptive personality profile. Compared to Hungarian normative TCI-R scores, both patient groups showed elevated levels of Harm Avoidance and Novelty Seeking with lower scores of Self-directedness, while the AUD + GD group scored lower on Persistence and Cooperation as well. The AUD + GD group reported significantly higher levels of Harm Avoidance, with lower scores of Reward Dependence compared to the AUD group.
Comorbid GD symptom severity is an important factor in chronic AUD, where AUD patients with comorbid GD symptoms exhibited a more maladaptive personality constellation than singular AUD patients. These emphasize the need of special attention for comorbid GD symptoms in AUD, since treatment recommendations and prognosis for them may also differ.
在赌博障碍（GD）和酒精使用障碍（AUD）的诊断和治疗中，人格特征的重要性经常在科学文献中被强调。本研究旨在检验关于慢性 AUD 患者伴或不伴 GD 症状的气质和性格特征之间关联的预测。
从住院诊所招募的慢性 AUD 患者根据聚类分析分为两组，即伴有（AUD+GD 组：n=30）和不伴有（AUD 组：n=68）GD 症状的 AUD 患者。评估 GD 症状严重程度和人格维度（Cloninger 的气质和性格量表修订版，TCI-R）。用协方差分析、单样本 t 检验和独立样本 t 检验分析测试变量之间的关联。
GD 症状在人格方面被证明是一个聚类因素，其中 AUD+GD 组表现出更适应不良的人格特征。与匈牙利 TCI-R 常模得分相比，两个患者组均表现出更高的回避和寻求新奇度水平，自我指导得分较低，而 AUD+GD 组的坚持和合作得分也较低。与 AUD 组相比，AUD+GD 组报告的回避和奖赏依赖得分较低，而奖赏依赖得分较高。
伴发 GD 症状的严重程度是慢性 AUD 的一个重要因素，伴发 GD 症状的 AUD 患者表现出比单纯 AUD 患者更适应不良的人格特征。这些强调了在 AUD 中特别关注伴发 GD 症状的必要性，因为针对它们的治疗建议和预后可能也有所不同。
