School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2020 Jul;117:104692. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104692. Epub 2020 Apr 24.
It is well established that stress is positively associated with unhealthy eating behaviours and that cortisol reactivity to stress has been found to influence the stress-eating relationship in adults. However, there is a paucity of research that has explored the daily stress-cortisol-eating relationship amongst children. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore whether the experience of daily stressors was associated with an increase in between-meal snack consumption in children over 7 days. Individual cortisol reactivity to stress in the laboratory was explored as a potential moderator of the stress-eating relationship in the real world. Twenty 8-11 year old children completed the Trier Social Stress Test (for children, TSST-C) during which 4 salivary cortisol samples were taken. Participants subsequently completed a 7-day diary that recorded daily hassles (stressors) and between-meal snack consumption. Using multi-level modelling, the results showed there were no effects of daily hassles or mood on snack consumption. However, there were cross-level interactions, such that individuals who had higher cortisol reactivity to stress in the laboratory were found to consume more total and unhealthy snacks in naturalistic settings on days with high hassles and more negative mood compared to those who exhibited low and moderate cortisol reactivity to stress. This exploratory study provides novel evidence that cortisol reactivity to stress is an important moderator of stress-eating relationship in children and that daily diary approaches are feasible in studies investigating stress and eating in children aged 8-11 years old.
压力与不健康的饮食习惯呈正相关，这一点已得到充分证实，而且皮质醇对压力的反应被发现会影响成年人的压力与进食之间的关系。然而，目前关于儿童日常压力-皮质醇-进食关系的研究还很少。因此，本研究旨在探索儿童在 7 天内经历日常压力源是否会导致两餐之间零食摄入量的增加。实验室中个体对压力的皮质醇反应被探索为现实世界中压力与进食关系的潜在调节因素。20 名 8-11 岁的儿童在实验室中完成了特里尔社会压力测试（儿童版，TSST-C），在此期间采集了 4 份唾液皮质醇样本。参与者随后完成了为期 7 天的日记，记录了每日的烦心事（压力源）和两餐之间的零食摄入量。使用多层次模型，结果显示日常烦心事或情绪对零食摄入量没有影响。然而，存在跨层次的相互作用，即实验室中皮质醇对压力反应较高的个体在高烦心事和负面情绪日比皮质醇对压力反应较低和中等的个体在自然环境中摄入更多的总零食和不健康零食。这项探索性研究提供了新的证据，表明皮质醇对压力的反应是儿童压力与进食关系的重要调节因素，并且在研究 8-11 岁儿童的压力和进食时，日常日记法是可行的。
