Newman Emily, O'Connor Daryl B, Conner Mark
Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007 Feb;32(2):125-32. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2006.11.006. Epub 2007 Jan 2.
Previous research has shown high cortisol reactors to consume a greater amount of snack foods than low reactors following a laboratory stressor. The current study tested whether high cortisol reactors also consume more snacks than low reactors in response to field stressors. Fifty pre-menopausal women completed a laboratory stressor, provided saliva samples to assess cortisol reactor status and then completed daily hassles and snack intake diaries over the next fourteen days. Hierarchical multivariate linear modelling showed a significant association between daily hassles and snack intake within the overall sample, where an increased number of hassles was associated with increased snack intake. This significant positive association between number of hassles and snack intake was only observed within the high cortisol reactors and not within the low cortisol reactors. These findings suggest that high cortisol reactivity to stress promotes food intake. Furthermore, the eating style variables of restraint, emotional eating, external eating and disinhibition were more strongly associated with snack intake in high reactors than in low reactors. This suggests that cortisol reactivity may in part account for the moderating role of eating style on stress-induced eating. The results are discussed within the context of future health risk.
先前的研究表明，在实验室应激源刺激后，高皮质醇反应者比低反应者会摄入更多的休闲食品。当前的研究测试了在面对实际生活应激源时，高皮质醇反应者是否也比低反应者吃更多零食。五十名绝经前女性完成了一项实验室应激测试，提供唾液样本以评估皮质醇反应状态，然后在接下来的十四天里记录每日烦恼和零食摄入量。分层多元线性模型显示，在整个样本中，每日烦恼与零食摄入量之间存在显著关联，烦恼数量增加与零食摄入量增加相关。烦恼数量与零食摄入量之间的这种显著正相关仅在高皮质醇反应者中观察到，而在低皮质醇反应者中未观察到。这些发现表明，对压力的高皮质醇反应会促进食物摄入。此外，在高反应者中，克制、情绪化进食、外部进食和去抑制等饮食方式变量与零食摄入量的关联比低反应者更强。这表明皮质醇反应性可能部分解释了饮食方式对压力诱导进食的调节作用。研究结果将在未来健康风险的背景下进行讨论。
