Chinchwadkar Priya, Panda Pradeep
Department of Academic and Research, International Institute of Health Management Research, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2020 Mar;45(Suppl 1):S38-S42. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_382_19.
Globally, India is the largest milk producer with highest population of cattle i.e., 134 million cows and 124 million buffalos, with women accounting for 93 per cent of total employment in dairy production. The Indian subcontinent is one of the four global hot-spots at increased risk for emergence of zoonotic diseases. Health hazards occurring due to lack of awareness about the causes and impact of zoonosis on the public health are significant. In addition, fewer efforts are seen in One-Health programs in India.
To assess the knowledge level regarding the risk of zoonoses and hygiene practices among rural female population with livestock. And also to assess the actual status of practices adopted in the small holder dairy farm.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 female populations in peri-urban area of Najafgarh, New Delhi. A structured questionnaire and checklist for observing practicing gaps were used for data collection; Knowledge level was calculated with the help of knowledge scores. Snowball sampling was used. The analysis was done with SPSS-(22). Descriptive statistics, one sample t-test, cross tabulation and Chi-square test were used.
Out of total score (28), the respondents got a maximum mean score of 11. Majority of respondents (75%) had low knowledge of specific zoonotic diseases and there was an observed gap in practice.
75% of the respondents had low knowledge on specific zoonotic diseases, hence importance should be given on increasing knowledge about the correct handling of the livestock especially in female population through national-programs and strengthening One-Health efforts.
在全球范围内，印度是最大的牛奶生产国，拥有最多的牛群，即1.34亿头奶牛和1.24亿头水牛，女性占乳制品生产总就业人数的93%。印度次大陆是出现人畜共患病风险增加的四个全球热点地区之一。由于对人畜共患病的病因及其对公众健康的影响缺乏认识而产生的健康危害十分显著。此外，印度在“同一健康”计划方面的努力较少。
评估农村有牲畜的女性人群对人畜共患病风险和卫生习惯的知识水平。并评估小农户奶牛场采用的实际做法状况。
在新德里纳贾夫加尔城乡结合部对60名女性人群进行了横断面研究。使用结构化问卷和观察实践差距的清单进行数据收集；借助知识得分计算知识水平。采用雪球抽样法。使用SPSS-（22）进行分析。采用描述性统计、单样本t检验、交叉表和卡方检验。
在总分（28分）中，受访者的最高平均得分为11分。大多数受访者（75%）对特定人畜共患病的知识了解较少，且在实践中存在明显差距。
75%的受访者对特定人畜共患病的知识了解较少，因此应重视通过国家项目提高对牲畜正确处理的认识，特别是在女性人群中，并加强“同一健康”工作。
