Luo Rongchang, Liu Xiangying, Chen Min, Liu Baoyu, Fang Yanxiong
School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
ChemSusChem. 2020 Aug 21;13(16):3945-3966. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202001079. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
The cycloaddition reaction of CO with various epoxides to generate cyclic carbonates is one of the most promising and efficient approaches for CO fixation. Typical imidazolium-based ionic liquids possessing electrophilic cations and nucleophilic halogen anions have been identified as excellent and environmentally friendly candidates for synergistically activating epoxides to convert CO . Therefore, the feasible construction of a series of imidazolium-functionalized organic cationic polymers can bridge the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, thereby obtaining highly selective CO adsorption and simultaneous conversion ability. This Review describes the recent advancements made with regard to the design and synthesis of this type of polymeric networks having imidazolium functionality. They are considered as an outstanding heterogeneous catalyst for the cycloaddition of CO to epoxides. Based on the perspective from the design of building blocks to the synthesis of cationic polymers, the focus mainly lies on how to introduce imidazole units into the material backbone via a covalent linking approach and how to incorporate other active sites capable of activating CO and/or epoxides into such polymeric materials.
一氧化碳（CO）与各种环氧化物发生环加成反应生成环状碳酸酯，是固定CO最具前景和效率的方法之一。具有亲电阳离子和亲核卤素阴离子的典型咪唑基离子液体已被确认为协同活化环氧化物以转化CO的优异且环境友好的候选物。因此，一系列咪唑功能化有机阳离子聚合物的可行构建可以弥合均相催化和多相催化之间的差距，从而获得高选择性CO吸附和同时转化能力。本综述描述了在具有咪唑功能的这类聚合物网络的设计和合成方面取得的最新进展。它们被认为是CO与环氧化物环加成反应的出色多相催化剂。从构建单元的设计到阳离子聚合物的合成的角度来看，重点主要在于如何通过共价连接方法将咪唑单元引入材料主链，以及如何将其他能够活化CO和/或环氧化物的活性位点引入此类聚合物材料中。
