Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Environ Int. 2020 Jul;140:105819. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105819. Epub 2020 May 29.
Although long-term exposure to air pollution and physical inactivity are linked to increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), however, the interactive effect of air pollution and physical activity (PA) on high 10-year ASCVD risk is largely unknown.
A total of 31,162 individuals aged 35-74 years were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study, after individuals with personal histories of ASCVD or missing data on predictors of high 10-year ASCVD risk were excluded. Concentrations of air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO), particulate matter with an aerodynamics diameters ≤ 1.0 µm (PM), ≤2.5 µm (PM) or ≤10 µm (PM)) of individuals were estimated using a spatiotemporal model based on satellites data. The metabolic equivalent (MET) of PA of each individual was evaluated using the formula: duration (hour/time) × frequency/week × MET coefficient of each type of activity. Logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between air pollutants, PA and high 10-year ASCVD risk. Interaction plots were used to describe interactive effects of air pollutants and PA on high 10-year ASCVD risk.
Each 1 µg/m increase in PM, PM, PM and NO were related to a 4.4% (odds ratio (OR): 1.044, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.034, 1.056), 9.1% (OR: 1.091, 95% CI: 1.079, 1.104), 4.6% (OR: 1.046, 95% CI: 1.040, 1.051) or 6.4% (OR: 1.064, 95% CI: 1.055, 1.072) increase in high 10-year ASCVD risk (all p < 0.001), respectively; each one unit-increase in PA MET (hour/day) value was related to a 1.8% (OR: 0.982, 95% CI: 0.980, 0.985) decrease in high 10-year ASCVD risk. Negative interactive effects of PA and PM, PM, PM and NO on high 10-year ASCVD risk were observed (all p < 0.001).
Exposure to high levels of air pollutants were related to increase high 10-year ASCVD risk and these associations were attenuated by PA, implying that PA may be an effective method to the prevention of high 10-year ASCVD risk in highly polluted rural regions.
尽管长期暴露于空气污染和缺乏身体活动与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）风险增加有关，然而，空气污染和身体活动（PA）之间的相互作用对高 10 年 ASCVD 风险的影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。
共有 31162 名 35-74 岁的个体来自河南农村队列研究，在排除了有 ASCVD 个人病史或高 10 年 ASCVD 风险预测因子缺失数据的个体后，从研究中剔除。个体的空气污染物（二氧化氮（NO）、空气动力学直径≤1.0μm（PM）、≤2.5μm（PM）或≤10μm（PM）的颗粒物）浓度使用基于卫星数据的时空模型进行估计。使用公式：持续时间（小时/时间）×频率/周×每种活动的代谢当量（MET）系数，评估每个个体的 PA 的代谢当量。使用 logistic 回归模型分析空气污染物、PA 和高 10 年 ASCVD 风险之间的关联。交互图用于描述空气污染物和 PA 对高 10 年 ASCVD 风险的交互作用。
PM、PM、PM 和 NO 每增加 1μg/m，高 10 年 ASCVD 风险分别增加 4.4%（比值比（OR）：1.044，95%置信区间（CI）：1.034，1.056）、9.1%（OR：1.091，95% CI：1.079，1.104）、4.6%（OR：1.046，95% CI：1.040，1.051）或 6.4%（OR：1.064，95% CI：1.055，1.072）（均 P<0.001）；PA MET（小时/天）值每增加一个单位，高 10 年 ASCVD 风险降低 1.8%（OR：0.982，95% CI：0.980，0.985）。观察到 PA 和 PM、PM、PM 和 NO 对高 10 年 ASCVD 风险的负交互作用（均 P<0.001）。
暴露于高水平的空气污染物与高 10 年 ASCVD 风险增加有关，而 PA 可减弱这些关联，这表明 PA 可能是预防高度污染农村地区高 10 年 ASCVD 风险的有效方法。
