Graduate School of Business Administration, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Magen David Adom, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Isr J Health Policy Res. 2020 Jun 2;9(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s13584-020-00370-9.
Early professional care in emergencies is beneficial in general and its utility has been proven in many studies, particularly in regard to out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. A person in distress can expect help from two sources: bystanders, including family members, community members, and complete strangers; and professionals, including emergency medical services, first responders, firefighters, and police officers. Emergency Medical Services try to achieve faster first response times through various approaches. Recent technological and social developments have enabled a new form of Emergency Medical Services volunteering, called Organized Good Samaritans, which represents a new layer between occasional volunteers and time-donation volunteers. Organized Good Samaritans are people with a medical background, particularly off-duty medical professionals who are willing and able to provide first aid in emergencies in their vicinity.
A qualitative formalization of technology-enabled Organized Good Samaritans is presented. One thousand eight hundred Israeli National Emergency Medical Services volunteers were surveyed using Clary and Snyder's Volunteer Functions Inventory instrument. Demographics, professional backgrounds, and volunteering functions of Time-Donation Volunteers and Organized Good Samaritans are compared.
Significant differences between Organized Good Samaritans and Time Donation Volunteers were found. Demographically, Organized Good Samaritans are older and the percentage of males is higher. Professionally, the percentage of physicians and nurses among Organized Good Samaritans is higher. Motivation measures find that the motivation of Organized Good Samaritans is higher and the order of importance of the volunteering functions differs.
A clearly identifiable and differently motivated class of emergency services volunteers has emerged. An appropriate information technology infrastructure enables Emergency Medical Services organizations to integrate Organized Good Samaritans into core business processes to shorten response times to emergencies. Organized Good Samaritans provide a volunteering opportunity for highly skilled people unable to be Time-Donation Volunteers. Our findings provide an empirical basis for further research on Organized Good Samaritans integration into Emergency Medical Services operations. Emergency Medical Services administrators can use these findings to establish an Organized Good Samaritans infrastructure and adjust recruitment and retention. This study is limited to one national Emergency Medical Services organization in Israel. Cultural differences can impact results in other countries. Organized Good Samaritans effectiveness should also be studied in terms of response times and medical outcomes.
在紧急情况下，早期的专业护理通常是有益的，其效用已在许多研究中得到证实，尤其是在院外心肺骤停方面。有需要的人可以从两个来源获得帮助：旁观者，包括家庭成员、社区成员和完全陌生的人；以及专业人员，包括紧急医疗服务人员、第一响应者、消防员和警察。紧急医疗服务部门试图通过各种方法实现更快的首次响应时间。最近的技术和社会发展使一种新形式的紧急医疗服务志愿者成为可能，称为有组织的好心人，这是在偶尔志愿者和时间捐赠志愿者之间的一个新层次。有组织的好心人是具有医学背景的人，特别是愿意并能够在附近紧急情况下提供急救的非在职医疗专业人员。
提出了一种技术支持的有组织的好心人形式化方法。使用 Clary 和 Snyder 的志愿者功能清单工具对 1800 名以色列国家紧急医疗服务志愿者进行了调查。比较了时间捐赠志愿者和有组织的好心人的人口统计学、专业背景和志愿服务功能。
发现有组织的好心人之间存在显著差异。从人口统计学上看，有组织的好心人年龄较大，男性比例较高。从专业角度来看，医生和护士在有组织的好心人中的比例较高。动机衡量发现，有组织的好心人的动机更高，志愿服务功能的重要性顺序也不同。
一个明显可识别且动机不同的紧急服务志愿者群体已经出现。适当的信息技术基础设施使紧急医疗服务组织能够将有组织的好心人纳入核心业务流程，以缩短对紧急情况的响应时间。有组织的好心人提供了一个机会，让那些无法成为时间捐赠志愿者的高技能人士参与志愿服务。我们的研究结果为进一步研究有组织的好心人纳入紧急医疗服务运营提供了实证依据。紧急医疗服务管理人员可以利用这些发现来建立有组织的好心人基础设施，并调整招聘和保留。本研究仅限于以色列的一个国家紧急医疗服务组织。文化差异可能会影响其他国家的结果。还应研究有组织的好心人在响应时间和医疗结果方面的效果。
