Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 1;10(1):8832. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65759-7.
Vacuole generation occurs frequently during the enlargement of bacterial protoplasts and spheroplasts. Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis protoplasts and gram-negative Lelliottia amnigena spheroplasts had large and small vacuoles inside the cytoplasm, respectively. Although no vacuoles were found at the early stage of cell enlargement, all enlarged cells used in the microinjection procedures had vacuoles. The plasma membrane of L. amnigena was more flexible than that of E. faecalis. In addition, E. faecalis protoplasts had unique discoidal structures as well as spherical structures in the cytoplasm. Our findings showed that the number of vacuoles increased as the L. amnigena plasma membrane expanded and that the size of vacuoles increased as the E. faecalis plasma membrane expanded, suggesting that bacterial cell enlargement involved vacuole generation. Thus, biosynthesis of the plasma and vacuolar membranes was synchronous with the bacterial cell enlargement. Differences in the plasma membrane flexibility might influence the different types of vacuole generation.
在细菌原生质体和球形体的放大过程中，液泡的生成非常频繁。革兰氏阳性粪肠球菌原生质体和革兰氏阴性鞘氨醇单胞菌球形体的细胞质内分别有大液泡和小液泡。虽然在细胞放大的早期阶段没有发现液泡，但在微注射过程中使用的所有放大细胞都有液泡。鞘氨醇单胞菌的质膜比粪肠球菌的质膜更具弹性。此外，粪肠球菌原生质体的细胞质中除了有球形结构外，还有独特的盘状结构。我们的研究结果表明，随着鞘氨醇单胞菌质膜的扩展，液泡的数量增加，随着粪肠球菌质膜的扩展，液泡的大小增加，这表明细菌细胞的放大涉及液泡的生成。因此，质膜和液泡膜的生物合成与细菌细胞的放大同步进行。质膜柔韧性的差异可能会影响不同类型的液泡生成。
