Biosocial Research Foundation, Southfield, St Elizabeth, Jamaica.
Department of Anthropology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Early Hum Dev. 2020 Jul;146:105072. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105072. Epub 2020 May 13.
Digit ratio (2D:4D) from soft-tissue measurements of fingers from children and adults from Black and White ethnic groups show sex differences (males<females) and group differences (Black< White). However, less is known about such differences in radiographic 2D:4D.
To consider sex and ethnic differences in radiographic 2D:4D of children of Afro-Caribbean descent and to compare these means with "standards" from White children.
A cross-sectional design with samples from Afro-Caribbean children aged 6 to 11 years compared to published radiographic measurements for White children in the Fels Longitudinal Study.
Radiographic 2D:4D showed ethnic differences such that Afro-Caribbeans<Whites. There was an age-stable right-side sex difference (boys<girls) in the 2D:4D of the distal phalanx and the distal soft-tissue tip in the Afro-Caribbean children but not in the proximal- and middle-phalanges or the composite length of the phalanges. Sex differences in 2D:4D (boys<girls) were present in the White children in the middle and proximal phalanges and composite phalange length but not in the distal phalanx.
In Afro-Caribbean children, mean radiographic 2D:4D was lower than that of White children and sexual dimorphism of 2D:4D (boys<girls) was confined to the distal phalanx and fingertip soft-tissue. In contrast in White children, there were no sex differences in the distal phalanx but there were in the middle-, proximal and composite phalanges (boys<girls). We discuss whether these differences in 2D:4D are widespread among Blacks and Whites and the implications for the interpretation of radiographic 2D:4D and morphological soft-tissue 2D:4D across macro-ethnic groups.
来自黑人和白人种族群体的儿童和成人手指软组织测量的数字比（2D：4D）显示出性别差异（男性<女性）和群体差异（黑人<白人）。然而，对于放射学 2D：4D 中的这种差异知之甚少。
考虑非洲裔加勒比儿童的放射学 2D：4D 的性别和种族差异，并将这些平均值与“标准”白人儿童进行比较。
一项横断面设计，样本来自年龄在 6 至 11 岁的非洲裔加勒比儿童，与 Fels 纵向研究中白人儿童的放射学测量值进行比较。
放射学 2D：4D 显示出种族差异，即非洲裔加勒比人<白人。在非洲裔加勒比儿童的远端指骨和远端软组织尖端的 2D：4D 中存在稳定的右侧性别差异（男孩<女孩），但在近端和中间指骨或指骨的复合长度中则没有。在白人儿童中，2D：4D（男孩<女孩）的性别差异存在于中间和近端指骨以及复合指骨长度中，但不存在于远端指骨中。
在非洲裔加勒比儿童中，放射学 2D：4D 的平均值低于白人儿童，2D：4D 的性别二态性（男孩<女孩）仅限于远端指骨和指尖软组织。相比之下，在白人儿童中，远端指骨没有性别差异，但在中间、近端和复合指骨中存在性别差异（男孩<女孩）。我们讨论这些 2D：4D 差异是否在黑人和白人中广泛存在，以及对放射学 2D：4D 和宏观种族群体之间的形态软组织 2D：4D 解释的影响。
