Ribeiro Miguel, Sousa Telma de, Poeta Patrícia, Bagulho Ana Sofia, Igrejas Gilberto
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unity, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 May 29;9(6):463. doi: 10.3390/antiox9060463.
Polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their beneficial effects on human health, particularly for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress. Nevertheless, they are also known to have an anti-nutritional effect in relation to protein metabolism. This effect is a consequence of its binding to digestive enzymes and/or protein substrates. Dietary gluten is the main trigger of celiac disease, a common immune-based disease of the small intestine and for which the only treatment available is the adherence to a gluten-free diet. Recent studies have addressed the use of dietary polyphenols to interact with gluten proteins and avoid its downstream deleterious effects, taking the advantage of the anti-nutritive nature of polyphenols by protein sequestering. Flavonoids, coumarins and tannins have shown the ability to form insoluble complexes with gluten proteins. One of the most promising molecules has been epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which through its binding to gliadins, was able to reduce gliadins digestibility and its ability to stimulate monolayer permeability and transepithelial transport of immunodominant peptides in cell models. This review focuses on the structural features and binding capacity of polyphenols to gluten proteins and peptides, and the prospects of developing an adjuvant therapy in celiac disease.
由于多酚类物质对人体健康有益，特别是在预防和治疗与氧化应激相关的疾病方面，它们已得到广泛研究。然而，人们也知道它们在蛋白质代谢方面具有抗营养作用。这种作用是其与消化酶和/或蛋白质底物结合的结果。膳食中的麸质是乳糜泻的主要诱因，乳糜泻是一种常见的基于免疫的小肠疾病，目前唯一可用的治疗方法是坚持无麸质饮食。最近的研究探讨了利用膳食多酚与麸质蛋白相互作用，避免其下游有害影响，利用多酚通过螯合蛋白质的抗营养特性。黄酮类化合物、香豆素和单宁已显示出与麸质蛋白形成不溶性复合物的能力。最有前景的分子之一是表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯，它通过与麦醇溶蛋白结合，能够降低麦醇溶蛋白的消化率及其在细胞模型中刺激免疫显性肽单层通透性和跨上皮转运的能力。本综述重点关注多酚类物质与麸质蛋白和肽的结构特征及结合能力，以及开发乳糜泻辅助治疗方法的前景。
