Liu Shan-Shan, Wei Shou-Hui, Zhu Jing-Jing, Zhang Wen-Wen, Jiao Sen, Guo Jie, Yan Li-Hua, Wang Zhi-Min
National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis Beijing 100089, China.
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 Apr;45(7):1536-1544. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200318.201.
Alismatis Rhizoma(Zexie) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, and it is separated into "Chuan Zexie"(Sichuan and Hubei provinces), "Jian Zexie"(Fujian and Jiangxi provinces) and "Guang Zexie"(Guangxi province) according to different producing areas. Alisma plantago-aquatica and A. orientale were listed as the original plants of Alismatis Rhizoma in different editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Ch.P), respectively. The botanical origins of Alismatis Rhizoma caused much controversy during a period of time. This study aimed to define the botanical origins of Alismatis Rhizoma from different producing areas, and supply scientific evidence for Ch. P 2020 edition. In this paper, we summarized the descriptions of original plants and producing areas of Alismatis Rhizoma in ancient literatures. Flowers and fruits of original plants of Alismatis Rhizoma were collected from different typical areas, and compared with the morphological description of two species from Alisma genus in the Flora of China. Thirty-nine batches of leaves from 8 different areas were identified using DNA barcoding technology. The results showed that original plants of Alismatis Rhizoma from different areas could be distinguished from each other based on morphological characteristics and molecular characteristics. Then, "Jian Zexie" was identified as A. orientale, while "Chuan Zexie" and "Guang Zexie" were identified as A. plantago-aquatica. In conclusion, combining with herbal textural research, morphologic characteristics, DNA barcoding technology and market situation, this paper recommended that the botanical sources of Alismatis Rhizoma could be revised as Alisma orientale(Sam.) Juzep. and Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. in the Ch. P 2020 edition.
泽泻是一种常用的传统中药，根据产地不同分为“川泽泻”（四川和湖北）、“建泽泻”（福建和江西）和“广泽泻”（广西）。在不同版本的《中国药典》中，泽泻的基原植物分别被列为泽泻和东方泽泻。泽泻的植物来源在一段时间内引起了很大争议。本研究旨在确定不同产地泽泻的植物来源，为《中国药典》2020年版提供科学依据。本文总结了古代文献中泽泻基原植物和产地的描述。从不同典型地区采集泽泻基原植物的花和果实，并与《中国植物志》中泽泻属两个物种的形态描述进行比较。采用DNA条形码技术对8个不同地区的39批次叶片进行鉴定。结果表明，不同产地的泽泻基原植物在形态特征和分子特征上可以相互区分。其中，“建泽泻”被鉴定为东方泽泻，“川泽泻”和“广泽泻”被鉴定为泽泻。综上所述，结合本草考证、形态特征、DNA条形码技术和市场情况，本文建议《中国药典》2020年版中泽泻的植物来源可修订为东方泽泻（Sam.）Juzep.和泽泻Linn.。
