Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Medical Virology, Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia.
Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J Vector Ecol. 2020 Jun;45(1):104-117. doi: 10.1111/jvec.12378.
Most data on species associations and vector potential of mosquitoes in relation to arboviral infections in South Africa date back from the 1940s to late 1990s. Contextual information crucial for disease risk management and control, such as the sampling effort, diversity, abundance, and distribution of mosquitoes in large parts of South Africa still remains limited. Adult mosquitoes were collected routinely from two horse farms in Gauteng Province; two wildlife reserves in Limpopo Province, at Orpen Gate in Kruger National Park (KNP) and Mnisi Area in Mpumalanga Province between 2014-2017, using carbon dioxide-baited light and tent traps. Mosquito diversity and richness are greater in untransformed natural and mixed rural settings. In untransformed wilderness areas, the most dominant species were Culex poicilipes, Anopheles coustani, and Aedes mcintoshi, while in mixed rural settings such as the Mnisi area, the two most abundant species were Cx. poicilipes and Mansonia uniformis. However, in peri-urban areas, Cx. theileri, Cx. univittatus, and Cx. pipiens sensu lato were the most dominant. Aedes aegypti, Ae. mcintoshi, Ae. metallicus, Ae. vittatus, Cx. pipiens s.l., Cx. theileri, and Cx. univittatus had the widest geographical distribution in northern South Africa. Also collected were Anopheles arabiensis and An. vaneedeni, both known malaria vectors in South Africa. Arbovirus surveillance and vector control programs should be augmented in mixed rural and peri-urban areas where the risk for mosquito-borne disease transmission to humans and domestic stock is greater.
大多数关于南非与蚊媒病毒感染相关的物种关联和媒介潜力的数据可追溯到 20 世纪 40 年代至 20 世纪 90 年代末。对于疾病风险管理和控制至关重要的背景信息，例如在南非大部分地区的蚊子采样工作、多样性、丰度和分布情况仍然有限。2014-2017 年间，在豪登省的两个马场、林波波省的两个野生动物保护区（克鲁格国家公园的奥彭门和姆普马兰加省的姆尼斯地区），使用二氧化碳诱捕灯和帐篷诱捕器定期收集成蚊。在未改造的自然和混合农村环境中，蚊种多样性和丰富度更高。在未改造的荒野地区，最主要的物种是库蚊、疟蚊和埃及伊蚊，而在混合农村地区（如姆尼斯地区），最丰富的两种物种是库蚊和曼蚊。然而，在城市周边地区，埃及伊蚊、致倦库蚊和库蚊是最主要的蚊种。埃及伊蚊、埃及伊蚊、埃及伊蚊、埃及伊蚊、埃及伊蚊、埃及伊蚊和埃及伊蚊在南非北部的地理分布最广。还收集了阿拉伯按蚊和范内登按蚊，这两种蚊种均为南非的疟疾传播媒介。在混合农村和城市周边地区，蚊媒传染病向人类和家畜传播的风险更大，因此应加强虫媒病毒监测和媒介控制计划。
