Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Conakry, Guinea
Public Health Department, Faculty of Sciences and Health Techniques, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Guinea.
BMJ Glob Health. 2024 Oct 31;9(10):e016589. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2024-016589.
The arboviruses continue to be a threat to public health and socioeconomic development in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Seroprevalence surveys can be used as a population surveillance strategy for arboviruses in the absence of treatment and vaccines for most arboviruses, guiding the public health interventions. The objective of this study was to analyse the seroprevalence of arboviruses in SSA through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases for articles published between 2000 and 2022 reporting the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to seven arboviruses in various human populations residing in SSA. The included studies were assessed using the checklist for assessing the risk of bias in prevalence studies, and the data were extracted using a standard form. A random effects model was used to estimate pooled seroprevalences. The potential sources of heterogeneity were explored through subgroup analyses and meta-regression. The protocol had been previously registered on International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews with the identifier: CRD42022377946.
A total of 165 studies from 27 countries, comprising 186 332 participants, were included. Of these, 141 were low-risk and 24 were moderate-risk. The pooled IgG seroprevalence was 23.7% (17.9-30.0%) for Chikungunya virus, 22.7% (17.5-28.4%) for dengue virus, 22.6% (14.1-32.5%) for West Nile virus, 16.4% (7.1-28.5%) for yellow fever virus, 13.1% (6.4-21.7%) for Zika virus, 9.2% (6.5-12.3%) for Rift Valley fever virus and 6.0% (3.1-9.7) for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed that seroprevalence differed considerably between countries, study populations, specific age categories, sample sizes and laboratory methods.
This SRMA provides information on the significant circulation of various arboviruses in SSA, which is essential for the adoption and planning of vaccines. These findings suggest the need to invest in surveillance and research activities on arbovirus in SSA countries to increase our understanding of their epidemiology to prevent and respond to future epidemics.
虫媒病毒仍然是撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）公共卫生和社会经济发展的威胁。在缺乏大多数虫媒病毒的治疗方法和疫苗的情况下，血清流行率调查可用作虫媒病毒的人群监测策略，指导公共卫生干预措施。本研究的目的是通过系统评价和荟萃分析分析 SSA 中虫媒病毒的血清流行率。
我们在 2000 年至 2022 年间检索了 PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus 和 ScienceDirect 数据库，以查找报告居住在 SSA 各种人群中七种虫媒病毒 IgG 抗体血清流行率的文章。使用评估患病率研究中偏倚风险的清单评估纳入的研究，并使用标准表格提取数据。使用随机效应模型估计汇总的血清流行率。通过亚组分析和荟萃回归探索潜在的异质性来源。该方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册中心预先注册，标识符为：CRD42022377946。
共纳入来自 27 个国家的 165 项研究，包括 186332 名参与者。其中，141 项为低风险，24 项为中风险。基孔肯雅病毒的 IgG 血清流行率为 23.7%（17.9-30.0%），登革热病毒为 22.7%（17.5-28.4%），西尼罗河病毒为 22.6%（14.1-32.5%），黄热病病毒为 16.4%（7.1-28.5%），寨卡病毒为 13.1%（6.4-21.7%），裂谷热病毒为 9.2%（6.5-12.3%），克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒为 6.0%（3.1-9.7%）。亚组和荟萃回归分析表明，血清流行率在国家、研究人群、特定年龄组、样本量和实验室方法之间存在显著差异。
本 SRMA 提供了有关各种虫媒病毒在 SSA 中大量传播的信息，这对于疫苗的采用和规划至关重要。这些发现表明，需要投资于 SSA 国家的虫媒病毒监测和研究活动，以增加我们对其流行病学的了解，以预防和应对未来的流行。
