Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Isabel I, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 1;17(11):3925. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113925.
Handball is a team sport in which players are exposed to high physical conditioning requirements and several contacts and collisions, so they must face various musculoskeletal injuries throughout their career. The aim of this study was to summarize the characteristics of handball injuries both in training and in competition contexts, differentiating by gender and age. A systematic review was conducted and a total of 15 studies (33 cohorts) met the inclusion criteria. Higher injury incidence was reported during matches compared to training sessions in all groups (i.e., male and female senior and youth players), with male senior players presenting the greatest values. Lower extremities were more frequently injured, being contusions and sprains the most common type of injuries. Females reported more serious injuries than males, who presented a higher percentage of acute injuries caused by direct contact, while in female players these injuries were not caused by direct contact actions. Wings and backs presented the highest injury incidence; additionally, players registered higher match incidence during international championships compared to national leagues. Due to the differences in the injury profile of handball players, specific preventive strategies should be implemented for each group to optimize the injury prevention process.
手球是一项团队运动，运动员需要具备较高的身体素质，并且会面临多次接触和碰撞，因此他们在职业生涯中必须应对各种肌肉骨骼损伤。本研究旨在总结手球运动员在训练和比赛中的损伤特点，同时按性别和年龄进行区分。进行了系统综述，共有 15 项研究（33 个队列）符合纳入标准。在所有组（即男、女高级和青年运动员）中，与训练相比，比赛中报告的损伤发生率更高，男高级运动员的发生率最高。下肢受伤更为常见，挫伤和扭伤是最常见的损伤类型。女性报告的损伤比男性更严重，男性的急性损伤多由直接接触引起，而女性的损伤则不是由直接接触引起。翼部和背部的受伤发生率最高；此外，与国内联赛相比，国际锦标赛中球员的比赛受伤发生率更高。由于手球运动员的损伤情况存在差异，应针对每个群体实施特定的预防策略，以优化损伤预防过程。
