Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020 Apr 1;91(4):313-317. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5499.2020.
Airsickness is a clinical syndrome manifesting in a variety of symptoms, particularly nausea and vomiting during flight. Studies of habituation to motion sickness in humans treated by scopolamine have produced conflicting results. The drug accelerated habituation, but a rebound effect on symptom severity was observed after its withdrawal. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether scopolamine affects the adaptation process. We also evaluated the relationship between initial symptom severity and adaptation to airsickness. Aviator cadets in the first two stages of their training were divided into two groups, treated and not treated by scopolamine. Airsickness severity was evaluated using both simulator sickness and motion sickness questionnaires, and drug administration was recorded. A statistically significant higher rate of adaptation was observed among the scopolamine-treated group compared with the nontreated group. On the simulator sickness questionnaire, rate of adaptation for the two groups was -0.21 ± 0.53 and -0.1 ± 0.17, respectively, and for the motion sickness questionnaire -2.34 ± 1.54 and -0.91 ± 1.41, respectively. Examination of a possible connection between initial symptom severity and adaptation rate failed to reveal a significant relationship. We recommend the use of oral scopolamine to accelerate habituation and find it a relatively safe short-term treatment for airsickness. Our results support the notion that scopolamine accelerates the natural adaptation process.
晕机症是一种临床综合征，表现为多种症状，尤其是在飞行过程中出现恶心和呕吐。用东莨菪碱治疗人类运动病习惯化的研究结果相互矛盾。该药物加速了习惯化，但在停药后观察到症状严重程度的反弹效应。本研究旨在探讨东莨菪碱是否影响适应过程。我们还评估了初始症状严重程度与晕机症适应之间的关系。我们将处于训练第一和第二阶段的飞行员学员分为两组，一组用东莨菪碱治疗，另一组未用东莨菪碱治疗。使用模拟器晕动病问卷和运动病问卷评估晕机症严重程度，并记录药物管理情况。与未治疗组相比，东莨菪碱治疗组的适应率明显更高。在模拟器晕动病问卷上，两组的适应率分别为-0.21 ± 0.53 和-0.1 ± 0.17，在运动病问卷上，两组的适应率分别为-2.34 ± 1.54 和-0.91 ± 1.41。对初始症状严重程度与适应率之间可能存在的联系进行检查，未发现明显的关系。我们建议使用口服东莨菪碱来加速习惯化，并认为这是一种相对安全的短期晕机症治疗方法。我们的结果支持东莨菪碱加速自然适应过程的观点。
