Li Zhi-Yong, Li Hai-Tao, He Jiang, Dong Guang-Ping, Zhang Ming-Shuo, Liu Jian-Qin, Huang Xiu-Lan, Wang Xiao-Rong, Bolat Makabel, Feng Xin, Zhang Fang-Bo, Jiang Feng
School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China Beijing 100081, China Yunnan Province Resources of Development and Collaborative Innovation Center for New Traditional Chinese Medicine Kunming 650051, China.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 May;45(10):2265-2274. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200316.408.
In December 2019, an outbreak of viral pneumonia began in Wuhan, Hubei Province, which caused the spread of infectious pneumonia to a certain extent in China and neighboring countries and regions, and triggered the epidemic crisis. The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease listed as a B infectious disease, which is managed according to standards for A infectious disease. Traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine have played an active role in the prevention and control of this epidemic. China's ethnomedicine has recognized infectious diseases since ancient times, and formed a medical system including theory, therapies, formula and herbal medicines for such diseases. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Chuxiong Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan, Qiandongnan Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou have issued the prevention and control programs for COVID-19 using Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur, Yi and Miao medicines. These programs reflect the wisdom of ethnomedicine in preventing and treating diseases, which have successfully extracted prescriptions and preventive measures for the outbreak of the epidemic from their own medical theories and traditional experiences. In this paper, we summarized and explained the prescriptions and medicinal materials of ethnomedicine in these programs, and the origin of Tibetan medicine prescriptions and Mongolian medicine prescriptions in ancient books were studied. These become the common characteristics of medical prevention and treatment programs for ethnomedicine to formulate therapeutic programs under the guidance of traditional medicine theories, recommend prescriptions and prevention and treatment methods with characteristics of ethnomedicine, and focus on the conve-nience and standardization. However, strengthening the support of science and technology and the popularization to the public, and improving the participation of ethnomedicine in national public health services and the capacity-building to deal with sudden and critical diseases are key contents in the development of ethnomedicine in the future.
2019年12月，湖北省武汉市爆发病毒性肺炎疫情，在我国及周边国家和地区造成一定程度的传染性肺炎传播，引发了疫情危机。新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）是一种乙类传染病，按甲类传染病管理的急性呼吸道传染病。中医药及中西医结合在此次疫情防控中发挥了积极作用。中国民族医学自古就认识到传染病，并形成了一套针对此类疾病的包括理论、疗法、方剂和草药的医学体系。自COVID-19疫情爆发以来，西藏自治区、青海省、内蒙古自治区、新疆维吾尔自治区以及云南省楚雄彝族自治州、贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州分别发布了藏药、蒙药、维吾尔药、彝药、苗药防治COVID-19方案。这些方案体现了民族医学防治疾病的智慧，成功地从自身医学理论和传统经验中提炼出针对此次疫情爆发的方剂和预防措施。本文对这些方案中的民族医药方剂及药材进行了总结阐释，并研究了古代典籍中藏药方剂及蒙药方剂的出处。这些成为民族医学防治方案在传统医学理论指导下制定治疗方案、推荐具有民族医药特色的方剂及防治方法，并注重便利性和规范性的共同特点。然而，加强科技支撑与向公众普及，提高民族医学在国家公共卫生服务中的参与度及应对突发重大疾病的能力建设，是今后民族医学发展的关键内容。
