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新型冠状病毒肺炎:综述

COVID-19: a review.

作者信息

Madabhavi Irappa, Sarkar Malay, Kadakol Nagaveni

机构信息

Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Kerudi Cancer Hospital, Bagalkot.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla.

出版信息

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2020 May 14;90(2). doi: 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1298.

Abstract

The enduring epidemic outbreak which started in Wuhan city of China, in December 2019 caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID- 19) or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created a dangerous and deadly Public Health disaster of International apprehension, with cases confirmed in several countries. This novel community health trouble is frightening the universe with clinical, psychological, emotional, collapse of health system and economical slowdown in each and every part of the world infecting nearly 200 countries. A highly virulent and pathogenic COVID-19 viral infection with incubation period ranging from two to fourteen days, transmitted by breathing of infected droplets or contact with infected droplets, belongs to the genus Coronavirus with its high mutation rate in the Coronaviridae. The likely probable primary reservoir could be bats, because genomic analysis discovered that SARSCoV-2 is phylogenetically interrelated to SARS-like bat viruses. The transitional resource of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapidly developing pandemic has confirmed human to human transfer. Approximately 1,016,128 reported cases, 211,615 recovered cases and 53,069 deaths of COVID-2019 have been reported to date (April 2, 2020). The symptoms vary from asymptomatic, low grade pyrexia, dry cough, sore throat, breathlessness, tiredness, body aches, fatigue, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, to severe consolidation and pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction leading to death with case fatality rate ranging from 2 to 3%.

摘要

2019年12月在中国武汉市爆发的持续性疫情,是由2019新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)或严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的,这场疫情已造成一场具有国际影响的危险且致命的公共卫生灾难,多个国家都出现了确诊病例。这种新型的社区健康问题正在令全球感到恐惧,它在世界各地引发了临床、心理、情感方面的问题,导致卫生系统崩溃和经济放缓,感染了近200个国家。COVID-19是一种高致病性病毒感染,潜伏期为2至14天,通过吸入受感染飞沫或接触受感染飞沫传播,属于冠状病毒属,在冠状病毒科中具有很高的突变率。其可能的主要宿主可能是蝙蝠,因为基因组分析发现SARS-CoV-2在系统发育上与类似SARS的蝙蝠病毒相关。然而,其起源和向人类传播的中间宿主尚不清楚,不过,这场迅速蔓延的大流行已证实了人际传播。截至2020年4月2日,已报告的COVID-19病例约有1016128例,康复病例211615例,死亡病例53069例。症状从无症状、低热、干咳、咽痛、呼吸急促、疲倦、身体疼痛、乏力、肌痛、恶心呕吐、腹泻,到严重的实变和肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)以及多器官功能障碍导致死亡,病死率在2%至3%之间。

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