Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Ethn Health. 2022 Apr;27(3):565-583. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2020.1771681. Epub 2020 Jun 5.
Adherence to most evidence-based cancer screenings is lower among African Americans due to system- and individual-level factors that contribute to persistent disparities. Given the recommendation for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening among individuals at high risk for lung cancer, we sought to describe aspects of decision-making for LDCT among African Americans and to examine associations between select components of decision-making and screening-related intentions.
African Americans ( = 119) with a long-term smoking history, aged 55-80 years, and without lung cancer were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. We measured knowledge, awareness, decisional conflict, preferences, and values related to lung cancer screening.
The majority of the study population was of lower socioeconomic status (67.2% had an annual income of ≤$20,000) and long-term current (79%) smokers. Participants had a median 20 pack-years smoking history. Most participants (65.8%) had not heard of LDCT and the total lung cancer screening knowledge score was = 7.1/15.0 (SD = 1.8). Participants with higher scores on the importance of the pros and cons of screening expressed greater likelihood of talking with a doctor, family, and friends about screening (' < .10).
Findings have implications for addressing the decisional needs of lower socioeconomic African American current and former smokers to promote informed decision-making for LDCT.
由于导致持续存在差异的系统和个体层面因素，非洲裔美国人对大多数基于证据的癌症筛查的依从性较低。鉴于建议对肺癌高危人群进行低剂量计算机断层扫描（LDCT）筛查，我们旨在描述非洲裔美国人对 LDCT 决策的各个方面，并研究选择决策组件与筛查相关意向之间的关联。
招募了具有长期吸烟史、年龄在 55-80 岁之间且没有肺癌的非洲裔美国人（n=119）参加横断面调查。我们测量了与肺癌筛查相关的知识、意识、决策冲突、偏好和价值观。
研究人群的大多数社会经济地位较低（67.2%的人年收入≤$20,000），且为长期当前吸烟者（79%）。参与者的中位吸烟史为 20 包年。大多数参与者（65.8%）没有听说过 LDCT，总肺癌筛查知识得分为 7.1/15.0（SD=1.8）。对筛查利弊的重要性评分较高的参与者更有可能与医生、家人和朋友谈论筛查（<0.10）。
这些发现对满足社会经济地位较低的非洲裔美国当前和前吸烟者的决策需求具有重要意义，有助于促进对 LDCT 的知情决策。
