Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
J Biol Rhythms. 2020 Aug;35(4):325-339. doi: 10.1177/0748730420929448. Epub 2020 Jun 5.
Schizophrenia is a multifactorial disorder caused by a combination of genetic variations and exposure to environmental insults. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are a prominent and ubiquitous feature of many psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. There is growing interest in uncovering the mechanistic link between schizophrenia and circadian rhythms, which may directly affect disorder outcomes. In this review, we explore the interaction between schizophrenia and circadian rhythms from 2 complementary angles. First, we review evidence that sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances constitute a fundamental component of schizophrenia, as supported by both human studies and animal models with genetic mutations related to schizophrenia. Second, we discuss the idea that circadian rhythm disruption interacts with existing risk factors for schizophrenia to promote schizophrenia-relevant behavioral and neurobiological abnormalities. Understanding the mechanistic link between schizophrenia and circadian rhythms will have implications for mitigating risk to the disorder and informing the development of circadian-based therapies.
精神分裂症是一种由遗传变异和环境损伤共同作用引起的多因素疾病。睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱是许多精神疾病的突出和普遍特征，包括精神分裂症。人们越来越感兴趣于揭示精神分裂症和昼夜节律之间的机制联系，这可能直接影响疾病的结果。在这篇综述中，我们从两个互补的角度探讨了精神分裂症和昼夜节律之间的相互作用。首先，我们回顾了睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱构成精神分裂症基本组成部分的证据，这得到了与精神分裂症相关的基因突变的人类研究和动物模型的支持。其次，我们讨论了昼夜节律紊乱与精神分裂症的现有风险因素相互作用，以促进与精神分裂症相关的行为和神经生物学异常的观点。理解精神分裂症和昼夜节律之间的机制联系将对减轻该疾病的风险和为基于昼夜节律的治疗提供信息具有重要意义。
