Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 4;10(1):9113. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66056-z.
Nutritional supplementation is a common clinical intervention to support the growth of preterm infants. There is little information on how nutritional supplementation interacts with the developing microbiome of the small intestine, the major site for nutrient metabolism and absorption. We investigated the effect of preterm birth and nutritional supplementation on the mucosal and luminal microbiota along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of preterm lambs. Preterm lambs (n = 24) were enterally supplemented with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), carbohydrate (maltodextrin), or water for two weeks from birth. Term lambs (n = 7) received water. Mucosal scrapings and luminal samples were collected from the duodenum, jejunum, ileum (small intestine) and colon at six weeks post-term age and analysed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Anatomical site explained 54% (q = 0.0004) of the variance and differences between the term and preterm groups explained 5.7% (q = 0.024) of the variance in microbial beta-diversities. The colon was enriched with Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia compared to the small intestine, while Actinobacteria, and superphylum Patescibacteria were present in higher abundance in the small intestine compared to the colon. Our findings highlight that early-life short-term nutritional supplementation in preterm lambs does not alter the microbial community residing in the small intestine and colon.
营养补充是支持早产儿生长的常见临床干预措施。关于营养补充如何与小肠发育中的微生物组相互作用，即主要的营养代谢和吸收部位，相关信息很少。我们研究了早产和营养补充对早产羔羊胃肠道（GIT）黏膜和腔微生物群的影响。早产羔羊（n=24）从出生起就通过肠内补充支链氨基酸（BCAA）、碳水化合物（麦芽糊精）或水两周。足月羔羊（n=7）接受水。在足月后 6 周时，从十二指肠、空肠、回肠（小肠）和结肠采集黏膜刮取物和腔样本，并通过 16S rRNA 扩增子测序进行分析。解剖部位解释了 54%（q=0.0004）的变异，足月和早产组之间的差异解释了微生物β多样性的 5.7%（q=0.024）的变异。与小肠相比，结肠富含厚壁菌门和疣微菌门，而与结肠相比，放线菌门和 Patescibacteria 超门在小肠中的丰度更高。我们的研究结果表明，早产羔羊的短期早期营养补充不会改变小肠和结肠中存在的微生物群落。
