Li Bing, Ding Cody, Fan Fenghui, Shi Huiying, Guo Liya, Yang Feng
Center for Sport Psychology and Education, College of Sport Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Education Sciences and Professional Programs, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Front Psychol. 2020 May 15;11:822. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00822. eCollection 2020.
Sport psychology research has long sought to uncover the determinants of the optimal psychological state for peak performance. Persistent inquiries in this work include whether there is a set of ideal psychological and emotional factors that are required to achieve optimal performance and, if there are, what are they and how are they related to optimal performance. To answer these questions, the current study aimed to identify potential profiles of personality and emotional traits based on a sample of professional Taekwondo athletes from China. In addition, the study also aimed to examine the utility of the profiles in predicting successful athlete performance. Using multidimensional scaling (MDS) profile analysis, two latent profiles of personality and emotional traits were identified that indicate four subtypes of athletes. Regression analyses were conducted to examine how the identified profiles were associated with performance success. The results seemed to suggest that Taekwondo athletes with more performance success were more likely to have a profile of positive personality and emotional traits, while athletes with less performance success were likely to have somewhat elevated levels of self-control, extraversion, and aggression. Knowledge of athletes' personality profiles will help sport psychologists develop suitable interventions to enhance athletes' performance success. In concluding, the results are discussed in the context of athlete psychosocial development. The study added further evidence about the association between psychological and emotional factors and successful Taekwondo athletes.
运动心理学研究长期以来一直试图揭示实现最佳表现所需的最佳心理状态的决定因素。这项工作中持续存在的问题包括，是否存在一组实现最佳表现所需的理想心理和情感因素，如果存在，它们是什么以及它们与最佳表现有何关系。为了回答这些问题，本研究旨在基于一组来自中国的专业跆拳道运动员样本，确定人格和情绪特质的潜在类型。此外，该研究还旨在检验这些类型在预测运动员成功表现方面的效用。使用多维尺度分析（MDS）轮廓分析，确定了两种人格和情绪特质的潜在类型，这两种类型表明了四种运动员亚型。进行回归分析以检验所确定的类型与表现成功之间的关联。结果似乎表明，表现更成功的跆拳道运动员更有可能具有积极的人格和情绪特质，而表现不太成功的运动员可能在自我控制、外向性和攻击性方面的水平略高。了解运动员的人格类型将有助于运动心理学家制定合适的干预措施，以提高运动员的表现成功率。最后，在运动员心理社会发展的背景下对结果进行了讨论。该研究进一步证明了心理和情感因素与成功的跆拳道运动员之间的关联。
