Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Institute for Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
PLoS One. 2020 Jun 5;15(6):e0234074. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234074. eCollection 2020.
Data from the Czech part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood offer a unique opportunity to examine a period of changing socioeconomic structure of the country. Our aim was to analyse the association between socioeconomic status, family structure and children's psychosocial problems at the age of 7, 11, 15 and 18 years in 3,261 subjects and compare our results with findings from western settings. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and its five subscales were used to assess individual problem areas (emotional symptoms, peer problems, hyperactivity, conduct problems) and prosocial behaviour. Socioeconomic status was represented by maternal education and three forms of family structure were identified: nuclear family, new partner family and single parent family. The SDQ subscale score over time was modelled as a quadratic growth curve using a linear mixed-effects model. Maternal university education was associated with a faster decline in problems over time for all five SDQ subscales. Problems in children from nuclear families were found to be significantly lower than in children from single parent families for all SDQ subscales with the exception of peer problems. Compared to nuclear families, children from new partner families scored significantly higher in hyperactivity and conduct problems subscales. The nuclear family structure and higher maternal education have been identified as protective factors for children's psychosocial problems, in agreement with findings from western settings. Adopting a longitudinal perspective was shown as essential for providing a more complex view of children's psychosocial problems over time.
来自捷克部分的欧洲纵向研究怀孕和儿童提供了一个独特的机会来检查一个时期的变化社会经济结构的国家。我们的目的是分析社会经济地位、家庭结构和儿童心理社会问题之间的关联在 7 岁、11 岁、15 岁和 18 岁的 3261 名受试者中，并将我们的结果与西方的发现进行比较。使用长处和困难问卷(SDQ)及其五个分量表来评估个体的问题领域(情绪症状、同伴问题、多动、行为问题)和亲社会行为。社会经济地位由母亲的教育程度来表示，确定了三种家庭结构形式:核心家庭、新伴侣家庭和单亲家庭。使用线性混合效应模型对 SDQ 分量表随时间的得分进行二次增长曲线建模。母亲接受大学教育与所有五个 SDQ 分量表的问题随时间的快速下降有关。与单亲家庭的孩子相比，来自核心家庭的孩子在所有 SDQ 分量表上的问题明显更低，除了同伴问题。与核心家庭相比，来自新伴侣家庭的孩子在多动和行为问题分量表上的得分明显更高。核心家庭结构和母亲较高的教育程度被认为是儿童心理社会问题的保护因素，这与西方的发现一致。从纵向角度来看，对于提供儿童心理社会问题随时间的更复杂的观点是至关重要的。
