Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center of clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Aug;128:110276. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110276. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
Lentiviral vectors (LVs) have provided an efficient way to integrate our gene of interest into eukaryote cells. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-derived LVs have been vastly studied to become an invaluable asset in gene delivery. This abled LVs to be used in both research laboratories and gene therapy. Pseudotyping HIV-1 based LVs, abled it to transduce different types of cells, especially hematopoietic stem cells. A wide range of tropism, plus to the ability to integrate genes into target cells, made LVs an armamentarium in gene therapy. The third and fourth generations of self-inactivating LVs are being used to achieve safe gene therapy. Not only advanced methods enabled the clinical-grade LV production on a large scale, but also considerably heightened transduction efficiency. One of which is microfluidic systems that revolutionized gene delivery approaches. Since gene therapy using LVs attracted lots of attention to itself, we provided a brief review of LV structure and life-cycle along with methods for improving both LV production and transduction. Also, we mentioned some of their utilization in immunotherapy and gene therapy.
慢病毒载体（LVs）为将我们感兴趣的基因整合到真核细胞中提供了一种有效的方法。人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）衍生的 LVs 被广泛研究，成为基因传递的宝贵资产。这使得 LVs 能够在研究实验室和基因治疗中使用。对基于 HIV-1 的 LVs 进行假型化处理，使其能够转导不同类型的细胞，特别是造血干细胞。广泛的嗜性，加上将基因整合到靶细胞中的能力，使 LVs 成为基因治疗的有力工具。第三代和第四代自我失活的 LVs 正被用于实现安全的基因治疗。不仅先进的方法能够大规模地进行临床级 LVs 的生产，而且还大大提高了转导效率。其中之一是微流控系统，它彻底改变了基因传递方法。由于 LVs 基因治疗引起了广泛关注，我们简要回顾了 LVs 的结构和生命周期，以及提高 LVs 生产和转导效率的方法。此外，我们还提到了它们在免疫治疗和基因治疗中的一些应用。
