Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society (NVS), Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Fack 23 200, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
BMC Geriatr. 2020 Jun 5;20(1):192. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01565-0.
The health-promoting qualities of participation as an opportunity for social and cognitive engagement are well known. Use of Everyday Technology such as Smartphones or ATMs, as enabling or disabling factors for out-of-home participation is however under-researched, particularly among older people with and without dementia. Out-of-home participation involves participation in places and activities outside of a person's home, in public space. Situated within the context of an increasingly technological society, the study investigated factors such as perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK.
One hundred twenty-eight older people with and without dementia in urban and rural environments in the UK, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home (ACT-OUT) Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Associations between Everyday Technology use, perceived risk of falling, functional impairment, access to a concession travel pass and out-of-home participation were investigated using ordinal regression.
A higher probability of Everyday Technology use (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.492; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.041-1.127), perceived risk of falling outside home (OR = 2.499; 95% CI = 1.235-5.053) and, access to a concession travel pass (OR = 3.943; 95% CI = 1.970-7.893) were associated with a higher level of out-of-home participation. However, other types of risk (getting lost; feeling stressed or embarrassed) were not associated with out-of-home participation. Having a functional impairment was associated with a low probability of a higher level of out-of-home participation (OR = .470; 95% CI = .181-1.223). Across the sample, 'outside home' Everyday Technologies were used to a higher degree than 'portable' Everyday Technologies which can be used both in and outside home.
The study provides insights into perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK. Increased knowledge about factors associated with out-of-home participation may help to guide targeted health and social care planning.
参与社交和认知活动的促进健康的品质是众所周知的。然而，使用日常技术（如智能手机或自动取款机）作为促进或阻碍户外活动参与的因素，在有和没有痴呆症的老年人中研究得还不够充分。户外活动参与是指在一个人的家以外的地方和活动中参与，在公共空间中。本研究在日益技术化的社会背景下，调查了英国老年人中，感知风险、获得优惠旅行通行证和使用日常技术等因素，以及它们与户外活动参与的关系。
在英国的城市和农村环境中，对 128 名患有和不患有痴呆症的老年人进行了访谈，使用了《活动和场所外参与（ACT-OUT）问卷》和《日常技术使用问卷（ETUQ）》。使用有序回归分析了日常技术使用、跌倒感知风险、功能障碍、获得优惠旅行通行证与户外活动参与之间的关系。
更高的日常技术使用率（优势比[OR] = 1.492；95%置信区间[CI] = 1.041-1.127）、户外活动中跌倒的感知风险（OR = 2.499；95% CI = 1.235-5.053）和获得优惠旅行通行证（OR = 3.943；95% CI = 1.970-7.893）与更高水平的户外活动参与相关。然而，其他类型的风险（迷路、感到压力或尴尬）与户外活动参与无关。功能障碍与较低水平的户外活动参与可能性相关（OR = 0.470；95% CI = 0.181-1.223）。在整个样本中，“户外活动”日常技术的使用率高于“便携式”日常技术，后者既可以在室内也可以在室外使用。
本研究提供了英国老年人中感知风险、获得优惠旅行通行证和使用日常技术及其与户外活动参与的关系的见解。增加对户外活动参与相关因素的了解，可能有助于指导有针对性的卫生和社会保健规划。
