Supramolecular adsorbents in extraction and separation techniques - A review.

Sample preparation procedure before the detection step is of great importance for successful realization of an analytical method. The extraction and preconcentration efficiency, sample throughput, and application potential of a sample preparation approach are greatly dependent on adsorbents. This review (with 172 references) reveals a critical view on the latest achievements of supramolecular materials in the field of adsorption. It covers the category of supramolecular compounds, their immobilization and applications in the adsorption of gases, inorganic ions, dyes, bisphenol A, herbicides/pesticides, plant growth regulators, and proteins. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives in relative research fields are discussed.