Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR) Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India.
Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India.
J Mol Neurosci. 2020 Nov;70(11):1684-1701. doi: 10.1007/s12031-020-01555-2. Epub 2020 Jun 6.
Stimuli from stressful events, attention in the classroom, and many other experiences affect the functionality of the brain by changing the structure or reorganizing the connections between neurons and their communication. Modification of the synaptic transmission is a vital mechanism for generating neural activity via internal or external stimuli. Neuronal plasticity is an important driving force in neuroscience research, as it is the basic process underlying learning and memory and is involved in many other functions including brain development and homeostasis, sensorial training, and recovery from brain injury. Indeed, neuronal plasticity has been explored in numerous studies, but it is still not clear how neuronal plasticity affects the physiology and morphology of the brain. Thus, unraveling the molecular mechanisms of neuronal plasticity is essential for understanding the operation of brain functions. In this timeline review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying different forms of synaptic plasticity and their association with neurodegenerative/neurological disorders as a consequence of alterations in neuronal plasticity.
来自压力事件、课堂注意力和许多其他经历的刺激会通过改变神经元的结构或重新组织它们之间的连接及其通讯来影响大脑的功能。突触传递的改变是通过内部或外部刺激产生神经活动的重要机制。神经元可塑性是神经科学研究中的一个重要驱动力，因为它是学习和记忆的基本过程，并涉及许多其他功能，包括大脑发育和内稳态、感觉训练以及脑损伤后的恢复。事实上，神经元可塑性已经在许多研究中得到了探索，但仍不清楚神经元可塑性如何影响大脑的生理学和形态学。因此，揭示神经元可塑性的分子机制对于理解大脑功能的运作至关重要。在这个时间线综述中，我们讨论了不同形式的突触可塑性的分子机制及其与神经退行性/神经疾病的关联，这些疾病是神经元可塑性改变的结果。
