Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Durham, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Sleep Med. 2020 Jul;71:97-105. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.010. Epub 2020 Mar 21.
Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and poor sleep occur across all races/ethnicities in the U.S., although both are most common among racial/ethnic minorities. Few studies have investigated associations between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and various sleep dimensions in a multiethnic population.
We analyzed cross-sectional associations among 40,038 eligible Sister Study participants (enrollment: 2003-2009) who reported ever/never experiencing specific types of everyday (eg, treated unfairly at a store or restaurant) or major (eg, unfairly stopped, threatened, or searched by police) discrimination attributed to their race/ethnicity during a follow-up survey in 2008-2012. Participants also reported short sleep duration (<7 h), sleep debt (≥2-h difference between longest and shortest sleep duration), frequent napping (≥3 times/week), and insomnia. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between each type of racial/ethnic discrimination and each sleep dimension, overall and by race/ethnicity.
Mean age was 55 ± 8.9 years, 89% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-white, 8% NH-black, and 3% Hispanic/Latina. NH-black participants were the most likely to report everyday (76% vs. 4% [NH-whites] and 36% [Hispanics/Latinas]) and major racial/ethnic discrimination (52% vs. 2% [NH-whites] and 18% [Hispanics/Latinas]). Participants who experienced both types versus neither were more likely to report short sleep duration (PR = 1.17 [95% CI: 1.09-1.25]) and insomnia symptoms (PR = 1.10 [1.01-1.20]) but not other poor sleep dimensions.
Racial/ethnic minority women were most likely to experience racial/ethnic discrimination, which was associated with certain poor sleep dimensions among women of all races/ethnicities.
在美国，所有族裔/种族都经历过感知到的种族/族裔歧视和睡眠质量差，尽管这两种情况在族裔/种族少数群体中最为常见。很少有研究调查多民族人群中感知到的种族/族裔歧视与各种睡眠维度之间的关联。
我们分析了 40038 名符合条件的 Sister Study 参与者（入组时间：2003-2009 年）的横断面关联，这些参与者在 2008-2012 年的随访调查中报告了他们在日常生活中经历过特定类型的种族/族裔歧视（例如在商店或餐馆受到不公平待遇）或重大类型的种族/族裔歧视（例如不公平地被警察拦下、威胁或搜查）。参与者还报告了短睡眠时间（<7 小时）、睡眠债务（最长和最短睡眠时间相差≥2 小时）、频繁打盹（每周≥3 次）和失眠。使用泊松回归模型和稳健方差估计，调整了社会人口统计学和健康特征，估计了每种类型的种族/族裔歧视与每种睡眠维度之间的关联的患病率比（PR）和 95%置信区间（CI），总体上和按种族/族裔进行了估计。
平均年龄为 55±8.9 岁，89%为非西班牙裔（NH）-白人，8%为 NH-黑人，3%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔。NH-黑人参与者最有可能报告日常（76%对 4%[NH-白人]和 36%[西班牙裔/拉丁裔]）和重大种族/族裔歧视（52%对 2%[NH-白人]和 18%[西班牙裔/拉丁裔]）。经历过这两种类型而不是任何一种类型的参与者更有可能报告短睡眠时间（PR=1.17[95%CI：1.09-1.25]）和失眠症状（PR=1.10[1.01-1.20]），但其他睡眠质量差的维度则不然。
种族/族裔少数族裔女性最有可能经历种族/族裔歧视，而这种歧视与所有种族/族裔女性的某些睡眠质量差的维度有关。
