Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria -
Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria -
Minerva Pediatr (Torino). 2023 Dec;75(6):852-861. doi: 10.23736/S2724-5276.20.05736-9. Epub 2020 Jun 5.
The aim was to compare neonatal morbidities in moderate and late preterm infants and to analyze rates and causes for rehospitalizations during the first year of life.
Prospective follow-up of a group of moderate and late preterm infants at a tertiary care hospital.
The study population comprised 215 infants (58% males; 60% singletons; 99 moderate and 116 late preterm infants) with a median gestational age of 34 weeks and birth weight of 2100 grams; 20% of them were small for gestational age. Moderate preterm infants more often had a diagnosis of mild respiratory distress syndrome (26% vs. 13%, P<0.01) and feeding problems with longer need for nasogastric tube feeding (median 9.5 vs. 4.2 days, P<0.01) and parenteral nutrition (3.5 vs. 2.7 days, P<0.01), and longer duration of stay at either NICU (10.6 vs. 3.7 days; P<0.01) or hospital (13 vs. 11 days; P<0.01). Fifty-two infants (24.3%) were hospitalized at 67 occasions without differences regarding readmission rates and causes between groups. Median age at readmission was 3 months, median stay 4 days. The most common diagnosis was respiratory illness (43.3%).
Moderate preterm infants had more neonatal morbidities diagnosed, but the same rehospitalization rates than late preterm infants.
本研究旨在比较中早产儿和晚早产儿的新生儿发病率，并分析其在生命第一年的再住院率及原因。
对一家三级保健医院的一组中早产儿和晚早产儿进行前瞻性随访。
研究人群包括 215 名婴儿（58%为男性；60%为单胎；99 名中早产儿和 116 名晚早产儿），中位胎龄为 34 周，出生体重为 2100 克；其中 20%为小于胎龄儿。中早产儿更常被诊断为轻度呼吸窘迫综合征（26%比 13%，P<0.01）和喂养问题，需要更长时间的鼻胃管喂养（中位数 9.5 天比 4.2 天，P<0.01）和肠外营养（3.5 天比 2.7 天，P<0.01），且在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）和医院的停留时间也更长（分别为 10.6 天比 3.7 天；P<0.01和 13 天比 11 天；P<0.01）。52 名婴儿（24.3%）因 67 次住院，两组间的再入院率和原因无差异。再入院的中位年龄为 3 个月，中位住院时间为 4 天。最常见的诊断是呼吸系统疾病（43.3%）。
中早产儿的新生儿并发症更多，但与晚早产儿的再住院率相同。
