Serviço de Neonatologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas em Biotecnologia - CIP-Biotec, Campus São Gabriel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 May;35(10):1935-1943. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1774870. Epub 2020 Jun 7.
Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality related to premature birth, and its diagnosis remains difficult. Our goal was to evaluate the intestinal microbiota of the first meconium of preterm newborns and ascertain whether it is associated with clinical EONS.
In a controlled, prospective cohort study, samples of the first meconium of premature infants with a gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks was obtained at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and DNA was isolated from the samples. 16S rDNA based microbiota composition of preterm infants with a clinical diagnosis of EONS was compared to that of a control group.
40 (48%) premature infants with clinical diagnosis of EONS and 44 (52%) without EONS were included in the analysis. The most abundant phylum detected in both groups, , was more prevalent in the sepsis group ( = .034). 14% of variance among bacterial communities ( = .001) correlated with EONS. The genera most strongly associated with EONS were and . A single genus, , was most strongly associated with the control group.
These findings suggest that the first-meconium microbiota is different in preterm neonates with and without clinical EONS.
早发型新生儿败血症（EONS）仍然是与早产相关的发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一，其诊断仍然具有挑战性。我们的目标是评估早产儿首次胎粪中的肠道微生物群，并确定其是否与临床 EONS 相关。
在一项对照、前瞻性队列研究中，我们从 Porto Alegre 临床医院的早产儿中获取了具有胎龄（GA）≤32 周的首次胎粪样本，并从样本中分离出 DNA。我们比较了具有临床 EONS 诊断的早产儿和对照组的 16S rDNA 基于微生物群组成。
在具有临床 EONS 诊断的 40 名（48%）早产儿和 44 名（52%）无 EONS 的早产儿中进行了分析。在两组中检测到的最丰富的门， ，在败血症组中更为普遍（ = .034）。细菌群落之间 14%的差异（ = .001）与 EONS 相关。与 EONS 最密切相关的属是 和 。一个单一的属， ，与对照组最密切相关。
这些发现表明，具有和不具有临床 EONS 的早产儿的首次胎粪微生物群不同。
