Two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH gradients of leaf proteins from barley (Hordeum vulgare): method, reproducibility and genetic aspects.

Leaf proteins from 14 barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare) were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH gradients (IPG 4-7 and IPG 6-10) in the first dimension. Highly reproducible two-dimensional patterns were obtained, owing to constant spot positions along the isoelectric focusing axis. A number of variety-specific protein spots were detected, allowing us to discriminate barley cultivars not only into main groups but into individual cultivars.