Bratland-Sanda Solfrid, Pedersen Frank G, Haave Marius N, Helgerud Jan, Støren Øyvind
Department of Sports, Physical Education, and Outdoor Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Telemark, NORWAY.
Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2020 May 1;13(2):480-487. doi: 10.70252/OTAC6224. eCollection 2020.
The aim was to investigate individual responses on VO and performance to a block of high intensity aerobic interval training (HIIT) in national-level endurance athletes.
National-level cyclists and triathletes (five men and two women, 31 ± 3.3 years, VO 65.1 ± 3.3 ml·kg·min) conducted 14 HIIT sessions (4×4 min uphill running at 90-95% maximal heart rate) in nine days during preseason. VO in running and cycling, lactate threshold (LT) in cycling, oxygen cost of cycling (C), and a cycling time-trial (TT) were tested two days pre and seven days post intervention. Feasibility was determined using attendance rates, adherence (defined as completing all sessions), and reported adverse events.
The results showed that adherence was 100% with 100% attendance rate. No adverse events were reported. TT (-75.6 ± 50.8 seconds, p < 0.0001) but not VO cycling (-0.2 ± 4.6 ml×kg×min, p = 0.53) or running (0.2 ± 1.2 ml×kg×min, p = 0.85) was improved on group level. The individual responses varied from -8.2% to +14.5% change in VO, and -7.5% to +0.8% in TT.
The large inter-individual differences in responses call for tailor-making HIIT blocks, mapping of biomarkers to avoid overtraining, and studying the effects of such blocks with longer follow-up than seven days.
目的是研究国家级耐力运动员对高强度有氧间歇训练（HIIT）模块的个体VO₂和运动表现反应。
国家级自行车运动员和铁人三项运动员（5名男性和2名女性，31±3.3岁，VO₂ 65.1±3.3 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）在季前赛的九天内进行了14次HIIT训练（4×4分钟上坡跑，心率为最大心率的90 - 95%）。在干预前2天和干预后7天测试跑步和骑行时的VO₂、骑行时的乳酸阈值（LT）、骑行的氧耗（C）以及骑行计时赛（TT）。通过出勤率、依从性（定义为完成所有训练）和报告的不良事件来确定可行性。
结果显示依从性为100%，出勤率为100%。未报告不良事件。在组水平上，TT有所改善（-75.6±50.8秒，p<0.0001），但骑行时的VO₂（-0.2±4.6 ml×kg×min，p = 0.53）或跑步时的VO₂（0.2±1.2 ml×kg×min，p = 0.85）没有改善。VO₂的个体反应变化范围为-8.2%至+14.5%，TT的个体反应变化范围为-7.5%至+0.8%。
个体反应的巨大差异要求定制HIIT模块，绘制生物标志物图谱以避免过度训练，并进行超过七天的更长随访来研究此类模块的效果。
