Department of Kinesiology, California State University, San Marcos, 333. S. Twin Oaks Valley Road, UNIV 320, San Marcos, CA, 92096-0001, USA.
Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT, USA.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2018 Sep;118(9):1811-1820. doi: 10.1007/s00421-018-3910-3. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
Completion of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) leads to significant increases in maximal oxygen uptake (VO) and oxidative capacity. However, individual responses to HIIT have been identified as approximately 20-40% of individuals show no change in VO, which may be due to the relatively homogeneous approach to implementing HIIT.
This study tested the effects of HIIT prescribed using ventilatory threshold (VT) on changes in VO and cycling performance.
Fourteen active men and women (age and VO = 27 ± 8 year and 38 ± 4 mL/kg/min) underwent nine sessions of HIIT, and 14 additional men and women (age and VO = 22 ± 3 year and 40 ± 5 mL/kg/min) served as controls. Training was performed on a cycle ergometer at a work rate equal to 130%VT and consisted of eight to ten 1 min bouts interspersed with 75 s of recovery. At baseline and post-testing, they completed progressive cycling to exhaustion to determine VO, and on a separate day, a 5 mile cycling time trial.
Compared to the control group, HIIT led to significant increases in VO (6%, p = 0.007), cycling performance (2.5%, p = 0.003), and absolute VT (9 W, p = 0.005). However, only 57% of participants revealed meaningful increases in VO and cycling performance in response to training, and two showed no change in either outcome.
A greater volume of HIIT may be needed to maximize the training response for all individuals.
高强度间歇训练（HIIT）完成后，最大摄氧量（VO）和氧化能力会显著增加。然而，已经确定，大约 20-40%的个体对 HIIT 的反应没有变化，这可能是由于实施 HIIT 的相对同质方法。
本研究测试了使用呼吸阈（VT）规定的 HIIT 对 VO 和骑行表现变化的影响。
14 名活跃的男性和女性（年龄和 VO=27±8 岁和 38±4 mL/kg/min）进行了 9 次 HIIT 训练，另外 14 名男性和女性（年龄和 VO=22±3 岁和 40±5 mL/kg/min）作为对照组。训练在自行车测力计上进行，工作率等于 130%VT，由 8 到 10 个 1 分钟的回合组成，每个回合之间穿插 75 秒的恢复期。在基线和测试后，他们完成了渐进式骑行直至力竭，以确定 VO，并且在单独的一天，进行了 5 英里骑行计时赛。
与对照组相比，HIIT 导致 VO（6%，p=0.007）、骑行表现（2.5%，p=0.003）和绝对 VT（9 W，p=0.005）显著增加。然而，只有 57%的参与者在 VO 和骑行表现方面表现出有意义的增加，而有两人在这两个结果上都没有变化。
对于所有个体，可能需要更多的 HIIT 量才能最大限度地提高训练反应。
