Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 May 18;2020:1753152. doi: 10.1155/2020/1753152. eCollection 2020.
Photochemical tissue bonding (PTB), based on photosensitizer rose bengal (RB) and green light, has been regarded as an effective alternative to surgical suture and has been reported to provide benefits for Achilles tendon repair. Limited to the poor penetration of green light, secondary damage still exists while applying PTB for closed Achilles tendon rupture. This study is aimed at exploring the effects of noninvasive photochemical sealing on Achilles tendon rupture by the combination of PTB and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The rare-earth UCNPs of NaYF : Yb/Er (Y : Yb : Er = 78 : 20 : 2) were fabricated and then loaded into Chitosan/-GP hydrogel containing RB to prepare UCNPs@RB/Chitosan/-GP hydrogel. The properties of UCNPs and UCNP/Chitosan/-GP hydrogel were characterized by TEM, SEM, DLS, and FTIR analysis. The effects of UCNP and PTB combination were evaluated in an Achilles tendon rupture rat model using histological analysis. Bioluminescence imaging of ROS was performed to explore the potential mechanism. UCNPs had a uniform shape with a diameter of 29.7 ± 2.6 nm. The UCNPs@RB/Chitosan/-GP hydrogel could upconvert the near-infrared light into green light. The results of histological assessment showed that compared with traditional suture repair, the rats injected with UCNPs@RB/Chitosan/-GP hydrogel followed by irradiating with near-infrared light and the rats treated with RB solution followed by irradiating with green light had better effects on Achilles tendon repair. The benefits might be related to the generation of ROS in the PTB process. These findings indicated that the combination of PTB and UCNPs@RB/Chitosan/-GP hydrogel could be used as a noninvasive photochemical sealing for Achilles tendon rupture.
光化学组织黏合（PTB）基于光敏剂玫瑰红（RB）和绿光，已被视为一种有效的缝合替代方法，并已被报道在跟腱修复中具有益处。然而，由于绿光的穿透力有限，在应用 PTB 治疗闭合性跟腱断裂时仍存在二次损伤。本研究旨在探讨 PTB 与上转换纳米粒子（UCNPs）联合应用对跟腱断裂的非侵入性光化学封闭作用。制备了稀土 UCNPs NaYF：Yb/Er（Y:Yb:Er=78:20:2），然后将其装载到含有 RB 的壳聚糖/-GP 水凝胶中，制备 UCNPs@RB/壳聚糖/-GP 水凝胶。通过 TEM、SEM、DLS 和 FTIR 分析对 UCNPs 和 UCNP/壳聚糖/-GP 水凝胶的性质进行了表征。通过组织学分析评估了 UCNP 和 PTB 联合应用在跟腱断裂大鼠模型中的效果。进行了 ROS 的生物发光成像以探讨潜在机制。UCNPs 具有均匀的形状，直径为 29.7±2.6nm。UCNPs@RB/壳聚糖/-GP 水凝胶可以将近红外光转换成绿光。组织学评估结果表明，与传统缝合修复相比，注射 UCNPs@RB/壳聚糖/-GP 水凝胶后再用近红外光照射和 RB 溶液处理后再用绿光照射的大鼠，对跟腱修复的效果更好。这种益处可能与 PTB 过程中 ROS 的产生有关。这些发现表明，PTB 与 UCNPs@RB/壳聚糖/-GP 水凝胶的联合应用可作为一种非侵入性的光化学封闭方法，用于跟腱断裂。
