Giganto Sara, Martínez-Pellitero Susana, Cuesta Eduardo, Meana Víctor M, Barreiro Joaquín
Department of Mechanical, Computer and Aerospace Engineering, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain.
Department of Construction and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Oviedo, Campus de Gijón, 33204 Gijón, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Jun 4;20(11):3202. doi: 10.3390/s20113202.
Metal additive manufacturing (AM) allows obtaining functional parts with the possibility of optimizing them topologically without affecting system performance. This is of great interest for sectors such as aerospace, automotive, and medical-surgical. However, from a metrological point of view, the high requirements applied in these sectors constitute a challenge for inspecting these types of parts. Non-contact inspection has gained great relevance due to the rapid verification of AM parts. Optical measurement systems (OMSs) are being increasingly adopted for geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) verification within the context of Industry 4.0. In this paper, the suitability (advantages and limitations) of five different OMSs (based on laser triangulation, conoscopic holography, and structured light techniques) for GD&T verification of parts manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) is analyzed. For this purpose, a specific testing part was designed and SLM-manufactured in 17-4PH stainless steel. Once the part was measured by contact (obtaining the reference GD&T values), it was optically measured. The scanning results allow comparing the OMSs in terms of their inspection speed as well as dimensional and geometrical accuracy. As a result, two portable systems (handheld laser triangulation and structured blue-light scanners) were identified as the most accurate optical techniques for scanning SLM parts.
金属增材制造（AM）能够制造出功能部件，并有可能在不影响系统性能的情况下对其进行拓扑优化。这对于航空航天、汽车和医疗手术等领域极具吸引力。然而，从计量学的角度来看，这些领域所应用的高要求对这类部件的检测构成了挑战。由于能够快速验证增材制造部件，非接触检测变得极为重要。在工业4.0的背景下，光学测量系统（OMS）越来越多地被用于几何尺寸和公差（GD&T）验证。本文分析了五种不同的光学测量系统（基于激光三角测量、锥面全息术和结构光技术）对选择性激光熔化（SLM）制造的部件进行GD&T验证的适用性（优点和局限性）。为此，设计了一个特定的测试部件，并采用17-4PH不锈钢通过选择性激光熔化工艺制造。该部件通过接触测量（获得参考GD&T值）后，再进行光学测量。扫描结果能够在检测速度以及尺寸和几何精度方面对这些光学测量系统进行比较。结果表明，两种便携式系统（手持式激光三角测量仪和结构蓝光扫描仪）被确定为扫描选择性激光熔化部件最精确的光学技术。
