Gilmartin Sarah, O'Brien Nora, Giblin Linda
Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland.
School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Co. Cork, Ireland.
Foods. 2020 Jun 5;9(6):750. doi: 10.3390/foods9060750.
As the human body ages, skeletal muscle loses its mass and strength. It is estimated that in 10% of individuals over the age of 60, this muscle frailty has progressed to sarcopenia. Biomarkers of sarcopenia include increases in inflammatory markers and oxidative stress markers and decreases in muscle anabolic markers. Whey is a high-quality, easily digested dairy protein which is widely used in the sports industry. This review explores the evidence that whey protein, hydrolysates or peptides may have beneficial effects on sarcopenic biomarkers in myoblast cell lines, in aged rodents and in human dietary intervention trials with the older consumer. A daily dietary supplementation of 35 g of whey is likely to improve sarcopenic biomarkers in frail or sarcopenia individuals. Whey supplementation, consumed by an older, healthy adult certainly improves muscle mTOR signaling, but exercise appears to have the greatest benefit to older muscle. In vitro cellular assays are central for bioactive and bioavailable peptide identification and to determine their mechanism of action on ageing muscle.
随着人体衰老，骨骼肌会失去其质量和力量。据估计，在60岁以上的人群中，有10%的人这种肌肉衰弱已发展为肌肉减少症。肌肉减少症的生物标志物包括炎症标志物和氧化应激标志物增加以及肌肉合成代谢标志物减少。乳清是一种优质、易消化的乳蛋白，广泛应用于体育行业。本综述探讨了乳清蛋白、水解产物或肽可能对成肌细胞系、老年啮齿动物以及针对老年消费者的人体饮食干预试验中的肌肉减少症生物标志物产生有益影响的证据。每日补充35克乳清可能会改善虚弱或患有肌肉减少症个体的肌肉减少症生物标志物。健康的老年人食用乳清补充剂肯定会改善肌肉的mTOR信号传导，但运动似乎对老年肌肉有最大益处。体外细胞试验对于生物活性和生物可利用肽的鉴定以及确定它们对衰老肌肉的作用机制至关重要。
