The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
School of Social Work, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, McGuinn Hall, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2021 Feb;8(1):264-274. doi: 10.1007/s40615-020-00780-0. Epub 2020 Jun 9.
This study examines the mediating roles of neighborhood risk factors, parental behaviors, and peers on the relationship between community violence exposure and posttraumatic stress in a sample of urban youth in low-income public housing communities. Data are from 320 African-American youth living in public housing in a northeastern city in the USA. Structural equation modeling was utilized to examine the stated relationships. Study results point to significant effects of violence exposure on posttraumatic stress in urban youth. While findings indicated indirect effects of neighborhood risk, parenting practices, and exposure to delinquent peers on posttraumatic stress, each of these paths operates through their relationship with violence exposure, with exposure to delinquent peers having the strongest mediating effect. Exposure to delinquent peers mediates the effects of neighborhood risks and parental behaviors on exposure to community violence, representing one potential intervention point to disrupt the deleterious effects of exposure to violence among youth. Our findings suggest interventions that address peer influence, and group norms may serve as protective factors against the risk of youth violence exposure. Overall, results highlight the co-occurring socioecological context of community violence exposure for youth living in public housing.
本研究考察了邻里风险因素、父母行为和同伴在社区暴力暴露与城市低收入公共住房社区中青少年创伤后应激之间关系中的中介作用。数据来自美国东北部一个城市中 320 名居住在公共住房中的非裔美国青少年。结构方程模型被用于检验所陈述的关系。研究结果表明，暴力暴露对城市青少年的创伤后应激有显著影响。虽然研究结果表明邻里风险、父母教养方式和接触犯罪同伴对创伤后应激有间接影响，但这些途径中的每一种都通过与暴力暴露的关系起作用，而接触犯罪同伴的影响最大。接触犯罪同伴会影响邻里风险和父母行为对社区暴力暴露的影响，这代表了一种潜在的干预点，可以打破青少年接触暴力的有害影响。我们的研究结果表明，解决同伴影响和群体规范的干预措施可能是防止青年接触暴力风险的保护因素。总的来说，研究结果突出了居住在公共住房中的青少年社区暴力暴露的共发性社会生态环境。
