Global Programs Department, March of Dimes, Arlington, VA, USA.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2020 Jul;150(1):31-33. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13195.
Preterm birth is a live birth that occurs before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm annually worldwide, indicating a global preterm birth rate of about 11%. With 1 million children dying due to preterm birth before the age of 5 years, preterm birth is the leading cause of death among children, accounting for 18% of all deaths among children aged under 5 years and as much as 35% of all deaths among newborns (aged <28 days). There are significant variations in preterm birth rates and mortality between countries and within countries. However, the burden of preterm birth is particularly high in low- and middle-income countries, especially those in Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Preterm birth rates are rising in many countries. The issue of preterm birth is of paramount significance for achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 target #3.2, which aims to end all preventable deaths of newborns and children aged under 5 years by 2030.
早产是指妊娠满 37 周前的分娩。全世界每年约有 1500 万婴儿早产，表明全球早产率约为 11%。由于 5 岁以下儿童中有 100 万死于早产，早产成为儿童死亡的主要原因，占 5 岁以下儿童死亡总数的 18%，占新生儿（<28 天）死亡总数的 35%。各国之间以及各国国内的早产率和死亡率存在显著差异。然而，早产的负担在中低收入国家，特别是东南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲的国家中尤其沉重。许多国家的早产率呈上升趋势。早产问题对于实现联合国可持续发展目标 3 目标 #3.2 至关重要，该目标旨在到 2030 年消除所有可预防的 5 岁以下新生儿和儿童死亡。
