School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 prom Sir-William-Osler, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y5, Canada; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), 3205 Place Alton-Goldbloom, Laval, QC, H7V 1R2, Canada.
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Accid Anal Prev. 2020 Sep;144:105552. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105552. Epub 2020 Jun 8.
Older drivers' self-awareness of driving ability can prompt self-regulatory behaviors and modifications of their everyday driving performance. To date, studies have yet to examine how older drivers' self-awareness of changes in driving ability over time or identify the characteristics of those who can accurately monitor such changes. 64 older drivers (Age: Mean = 80.0 years, SD = 5.4; male: 70 %) were recruited and categorized into four groups based on the correspondence of changes in their perceived and actual driving ability over one year: 40 % of the participants were accurate in their stable or better driving ability over time, 30 % did not detect their driving performance had worsened and over-estimated their driving ability, and the remainder either accurately detected their performance had worsened or under-estimated their driving performance. No demographic or clinical factors were associated with older drivers' self-awareness of changes in driving ability over time, except the mental processing and executive functioning measured using the Trail Making Tests Part B, showed a marginal effect. Implications for clinical importance are discussed.
老年驾驶员对驾驶能力的自我意识可以促使他们采取自我调节行为，并调整日常驾驶行为。迄今为止，研究尚未探讨老年驾驶员如何随着时间的推移自我意识到驾驶能力的变化，或识别那些能够准确监测此类变化的人的特征。研究招募了 64 名老年驾驶员（年龄：均值=80.0 岁，标准差=5.4；男性：70%），并根据他们在一年中感知到的和实际驾驶能力的变化的一致性，将他们分为四组：40%的参与者在稳定或更好的驾驶能力方面时间保持准确，30%的参与者没有察觉到他们的驾驶表现已经恶化，并高估了他们的驾驶能力，其余的人要么准确地察觉到他们的表现已经恶化，要么低估了他们的驾驶能力。除了使用 Trail Making Tests Part B 测量的心理处理和执行功能表现出边缘效应外，没有任何人口统计学或临床因素与老年驾驶员随时间推移对驾驶能力变化的自我意识相关。讨论了其对临床重要性的意义。
