Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 19 South Manassas, Cancer Research Building Rm 318, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Department of Natural and Life Sciences, The Open University of Israel, University Road 1, Ra'anana 4353701, Israel.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Jun 10;11(6):641. doi: 10.3390/genes11060641.
The target of rapamycin (TOR) protein kinase is at the core of growth factor- and nutrient-dependent signaling pathways that are well-known for their regulation of metabolism, growth, and proliferation. However, TOR is also involved in the regulation of gene expression, genomic and epigenomic stability. TOR affects nuclear functions indirectly through its activity in the cytoplasm, but also directly through active nuclear TOR pools. The mechanisms by which TOR regulates its nuclear functions are less well-understood compared with its cytoplasmic activities. TOR is an important pharmacological target for several diseases, including cancer, metabolic and neurological disorders. Thus, studies of the nuclear functions of TOR are important for our understanding of basic biological processes, as well as for clinical implications.
雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）激酶是生长因子和营养依赖性信号通路的核心，这些信号通路以调节代谢、生长和增殖而闻名。然而，TOR 还参与基因表达、基因组和表观基因组稳定性的调节。TOR 通过其在细胞质中的活性间接影响核功能，也通过活跃的核 TOR 池直接影响核功能。与细胞质活性相比，TOR 调节其核功能的机制还不太清楚。TOR 是包括癌症、代谢和神经紊乱在内的几种疾病的重要药物靶点。因此，研究 TOR 的核功能对于我们理解基本的生物学过程以及临床意义都很重要。
