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对比狭窄性二叶式主动脉瓣与三叶式主动脉瓣无症状患者的临床及超声心动图特征。

Comparison of Clinical and Echocardiographic Features of Asymptomatic Patients With Stenotic Bicuspid Versus Tricuspid Aortic Valves.

机构信息

Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Am J Cardiol. 2020 Aug 1;128:210-215. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.05.008. Epub 2020 May 16.


DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.05.008
PMID:32534732
Abstract

The clinical and imaging differences between bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) patients with medically managed asymptomatic moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis (AS) have not been studied previously. We aim to characterize these differences and their clinical outcomes in this study. A retrospective observational study was conducted on 836 consecutive cases of isolated asymptomatic moderate-to-severe AS, with median follow-up of 3.4 years. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were compared between BAV and TAV patients. Subgroup analysis stratified by AS severity were performed. Survival analysis of all-cause mortality was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards model. Compared to BAV patients, TAV patients were older (76 ± 11 vs 55 ± 16 years, p <0.001) and had more co-morbidities including hypertension (78% vs 56%; p <0.001), diabetes (41% vs 24%; p <0.001), and chronic kidney disease (20% vs 3%; p = 0.001). TAV patients had less severe aortic valve disease than BAV patients, with a higher aortic valve area index (0.71 ± 0.20 cm/m vs 0.61 ± 0.18 cm/m, p <0.001) and less aortic dilation (sinotubular junction: 23.7 ± 4.0 mm vs 26.9 ± 4.8 mm, p <0.001; mid-ascending aorta: 31.4 ± 4.7 mm vs 36.3 ± 6.3 mm, p <0.001). TAV patients were more likely to have eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy and less likely to have a normal geometry (p = 0.003). Competing risk analysis identified increased age (hazard ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.05, p <0.001) and LVEF (hazard ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.97 to 0.99, p <0.001) as independent risk factors of all-cause mortality. Valve morphology was not a significant independent risk factor for aortic valve replacement or mortality. In conclusion, asymptomatic TAV patients had more cardiovascular risk factors, less severe aortic valve disease, less sinotubular and mid-ascending aortic dilation, more severe LV remodeling.

摘要

先前尚未研究经医学治疗的无症状中重度主动脉瓣狭窄(AS)的二叶式主动脉瓣(BAV)和三叶式主动脉瓣(TAV)患者的临床和影像学差异。我们旨在描述这些差异及其在本研究中的临床结局。

对 836 例连续的孤立性无症状中重度 AS 患者进行了回顾性观察性研究,中位随访时间为 3.4 年。比较了 BAV 和 TAV 患者的临床和超声心动图特征。按 AS 严重程度进行亚组分析。使用 Kaplan-Meier 曲线和 Cox 比例风险模型进行全因死亡率的生存分析。

与 BAV 患者相比,TAV 患者年龄更大(76±11 岁 vs. 55±16 岁,p<0.001),合并症更多,包括高血压(78% vs. 56%,p<0.001)、糖尿病(41% vs. 24%,p<0.001)和慢性肾脏病(20% vs. 3%,p=0.001)。TAV 患者的主动脉瓣疾病比 BAV 患者轻,主动脉瓣面积指数更高(0.71±0.20 cm/m vs. 0.61±0.18 cm/m,p<0.001),主动脉扩张更小(窦管交界:23.7±4.0 mm vs. 26.9±4.8 mm,p<0.001;升主动脉中段:31.4±4.7 mm vs. 36.3±6.3 mm,p<0.001)。TAV 患者更可能出现偏心性左心室肥厚,而更不可能出现正常几何形状(p=0.003)。竞争风险分析确定年龄增加(风险比 1.03,95%置信区间 1.02 至 1.05,p<0.001)和 LVEF(风险比 0.98,95%置信区间 0.97 至 0.99,p<0.001)是全因死亡率的独立危险因素。瓣膜形态不是主动脉瓣置换或死亡率的显著独立危险因素。

总之,无症状 TAV 患者有更多的心血管危险因素,主动脉瓣疾病较轻,窦管交界和升主动脉中段扩张较小,左心室重构更严重。

相似文献

[1]
Comparison of Clinical and Echocardiographic Features of Asymptomatic Patients With Stenotic Bicuspid Versus Tricuspid Aortic Valves.

Am J Cardiol. 2020-5-16

[2]
Comparative study of bicuspid vs. tricuspid aortic valve stenosis.

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018-1-1

[3]
Aortic annulus and root characteristics in severe aortic stenosis due to bicuspid aortic valve and tricuspid aortic valves: implications for transcatheter aortic valve therapies.

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2015-8

[4]
Effect of Aortic Valve Replacement on Aortic Root Dilatation Rate in Patients With Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valves.

Ann Thorac Surg. 2016-12

[5]
Aortic stiffness in aortic stenosis assessed by cardiovascular MRI: a comparison between bicuspid and tricuspid valves.

Eur Radiol. 2018-11-28

[6]
Long-term Fate of Dilated Ascending Aorta after Aortic Valve Replacement for Bicuspid Versus Tricuspid Aortic Valve Disease.

Am J Cardiol. 2020-5-26

[7]
Patterns of ascending aortic dilatation and predictors of surgical replacement of the aorta: A comparison of bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valve patients over eight years of follow-up.

J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2019-7-23

[8]
Less pronounced reverse left ventricular remodeling in patients with bicuspid aortic stenosis treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement compared to tricuspid aortic stenosis.

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018-11

[9]
The bicuspid aortic valve and its relation to aortic dilation.

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2010-5

[10]
Prognostic Implications of Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valve Phenotype on Progression of Moderate Aortic Stenosis and Ascending Aorta Dilatation.

Am J Cardiol. 2021-12-15

引用本文的文献

[1]
Diabetes and calcific aortic valve disease: controversy of clinical outcomes in diabetes after aortic valve replacement.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025-7-30

[2]
The Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Bicuspid Aortic Valve Patients: An Overview of the Literature.

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[3]
The mechanistic pathways of oxidative stress in aortic stenosis and clinical implications.

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[4]
Association of aortic distensibility and left ventricular function in patients with stenotic bicuspid aortic valve and preserved ejection fraction: a CMR study.

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[5]
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