J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2020 Jul 1;257(1):87-96. doi: 10.2460/javma.257.1.87.
To assess production animal medicine veterinarians' prescription practices and identify factors influencing their use of antimicrobial drugs (AMDs) and their perceptions of and attitudes toward antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
157 production animal veterinarians in the United States.
An online cross-sectional survey and digital diary were used to gather information regarding perceptions on AMD use and AMR and on treatment recommendations for production setting-specific disease scenarios. Results were compared across respondents grouped by their selected production setting scenarios and reported years as veterinarians.
The most commonly selected production setting disease scenarios were dairy cattle (96/157 [61.1%]), backgrounding cattle (32/157 [20.4%]), and feedlot cattle (20/157 [12.7%]). Because few respondents selected swine (5/157 [3.2%]) or poultry (4/157 [2.5%]) scenarios, those responses were excluded from statistical analysis of AMD prescription practices. Most remaining respondents (147/148 [99.3%]) reported that they would recommend AMD treatment for an individual ill animal; however, responses differed for respondents grouped by their selected production setting scenarios and reported years as veterinarians when asked about AMD treatment of an exposed group or high-risk disease-free group. Most respondents reported that government regulations influenced their AMD prescribing, that owner and producer compliance was a veterinary-related factor that contributed to AMR, and that environmental modifications to prevent disease could be effective to mitigate AMR.
Results of the present study helped fill important knowledge gaps pertaining to prescription practices and influencing factors for AMD use in production animal medicine and provided baseline information for future assessments. This information could be used to inform future interventions and training tools to mitigate the public health threat of AMR.
评估生产动物医学兽医的处方实践，确定影响其使用抗菌药物（AMDs）的因素，以及他们对抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的看法和态度。
美国 157 名生产动物兽医。
采用在线横断面调查和数字日记的方式，收集关于 AMD 使用和 AMR 的看法以及针对特定生产环境疾病情况的治疗建议的信息。根据他们选择的生产环境情景和报告的兽医年限，将结果与受访者进行比较。
最常选择的生产环境疾病情景是奶牛（96/157 [61.1%]）、育肥牛（32/157 [20.4%]）和肥育牛（20/157 [12.7%]）。由于很少有受访者选择猪（5/157 [3.2%]）或家禽（4/157 [2.5%]）情景，因此这些情况的 AMD 处方实践分析不包括在统计分析中。大多数剩余的受访者（147/148 [99.3%]）报告他们会为患病个体推荐 AMD 治疗；然而，当被问及 AMD 治疗暴露组或高风险无病组时，按所选生产环境情景和报告的兽医年限分组的受访者的回答有所不同。大多数受访者报告说，政府法规影响了他们的 AMD 处方，所有者和生产者的合规性是兽医相关因素，有助于 AMR，环境修改以预防疾病可能对抗 AMR 有效。
本研究结果有助于填补生产动物医学中 AMD 使用的处方实践和影响因素方面的重要知识空白，并为未来的评估提供了基线信息。这些信息可用于为未来的干预措施和培训工具提供信息，以减轻 AMR 对公共卫生的威胁。
