Department of Anatomy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
AMED-CREST, AMED, Otemachi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.
J Neuromuscul Dis. 2020;7(4):395-405. doi: 10.3233/JND-200497.
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the potential to differentiate into various types of cells and tissues including skeletal muscle. The approach to convert these stem cells into skeletal muscle cells offers hope for patients afflicted with skeletal muscle diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Several methods have been reported to induce myogenic differentiation with iPSCs derived from myogenic patients. An important point for generating skeletal muscle cells from iPSCs is to understand in vivo myogenic induction in development and regeneration. Current protocols of myogenic induction utilize techniques with overexpression of myogenic transcription factors such as Myod1(MyoD), Pax3, Pax7, and others, using recombinant proteins or small molecules to induce mesodermal cells followed by myogenic progenitors, and adult muscle stem cells. This review summarizes the current approaches used for myogenic induction and highlights recent improvements.
诱导多能干细胞（iPS 细胞）具有分化为多种类型的细胞和组织的潜能，包括骨骼肌。将这些干细胞转化为骨骼肌细胞的方法为患有骨骼肌疾病（如杜氏肌营养不良症（DMD））的患者带来了希望。已经报道了几种方法来诱导源自肌源性患者的 iPS 细胞的成肌分化。从 iPS 细胞生成骨骼肌细胞的一个重要要点是了解体内发育和再生过程中的成肌诱导。目前的成肌诱导方案利用肌源性转录因子（如 Myod1（MyoD）、Pax3、Pax7 等）的过表达技术，使用重组蛋白或小分子诱导中胚层细胞，然后是成肌前体细胞和成年肌肉干细胞。本文综述了目前用于成肌诱导的方法，并强调了最近的改进。
