Rowold Diane J, Chennakrishnaiah Shilpa, Gayden Tenzin, Luis Javier Rodriguez, Alfonso-Sanchez Miguel A, Bukhari Areej, Garcia-Bertrand Ralph, Herrera Rene J
Foundation for Applied Molecular Science (FfAME), Gainesville, FL 32601, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA.
Gene X. 2020 Jan 13;5:100026. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.100026. eCollection 2020 Dec.
A previous autosomal STR study provided evidence of a connection between the ancient Soliga tribe at the southern tip of the Indian subcontinent and Australian aboriginal populations, possibly reflecting an eastbound coastal migration circa (15 Kya). The Soliga are considered to be among India's earliest inhabitants. In this investigation, we focus on the Y chromosomal characteristics shared between the Soliga population and other Indian tribes as well as western Eurasia and Sub-Saharan Africa groups. Some noteworthy findings of this present analysis include the following: The three most frequent haplogroups detected in the Soliga population are F*, H1 and J2. F*, the oldest (43 to 63 Kya), has a significant frequency bias in favor of Indian tribes versus castes. This observation coupled with the fact that Y-STR haplotypes shared with sub-Saharan African populations are found only in F* males of the Soliga, Irula and Kurumba may indicate a unique genetic connection between these Indian tribes and sub-Saharan Africans. In addition, our study suggests that haplogroup H is confined mostly to South Asia and immediate neighbors and the H1 network may indicate minimal sharing of Y-STR haplotypes among South Asian collections, tribal and otherwise. Also, J2, brought into India by Neolithic farmers, is present at a significantly higher frequency in caste versus tribal communities. This last observation may reflect the marginalization of Indian tribes to isolated regions not ideal for agriculture.
先前的一项常染色体STR研究提供了证据，表明印度次大陆南端的古代索利加部落与澳大利亚原住民之间存在联系，这可能反映了大约15000年前的一次沿海东向迁徙。索利加人被认为是印度最早的居民之一。在这项调查中，我们关注索利加人群与其他印度部落以及西亚和撒哈拉以南非洲群体之间共有的Y染色体特征。本次分析的一些值得注意的发现如下：在索利加人群中检测到的三个最常见的单倍群是F*、H1和J2。F是最古老的（43至63千年前），在印度部落与种姓之间存在显著的频率偏差，偏向于部落。这一观察结果，再加上仅在索利加、伊鲁拉和库伦巴的F男性中发现与撒哈拉以南非洲人群共有的Y-STR单倍型，可能表明这些印度部落与撒哈拉以南非洲人之间存在独特的基因联系。此外，我们的研究表明，单倍群H主要局限于南亚及其紧邻地区，H1网络可能表明南亚样本（部落及其他样本）之间Y-STR单倍型的共享极少。同样，由新石器时代农民带入印度的J2，在种姓社区中的出现频率明显高于部落社区。最后这一观察结果可能反映了印度部落被边缘化到了不利于农业的偏远地区。
