Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Arthroscopy. 2020 Oct;36(10):2698-2707. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2020.06.004. Epub 2020 Jun 15.
This study investigated meniscal regeneration-promoting effects of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheets in a rabbit meniscal defect models.
ADSCs were extracted from the interscapular fat pad adipose tissue of 42 mature female Japanese white rabbits. Once cells reached confluence at the third passage, the culture medium was supplemented with ascorbic acid. Within a week, the cells in culture formed removable sheets, which were used as ADSC sheets. Cell death (CD) sheets were created by killing ADSCs by freezing to investigate the need for viable ADSCs in ADSC sheets. The anterior half of the medial meniscus from the anterior root to the posterior edge of the medial collateral ligament was removed from both limbs. An autologous ADSC or CD sheet was transplanted to one knee (ADSC sheet or CD sheet group). The contralateral limb was closed without transplantation following meniscal removal (control group). Rabbits were euthanized 4 and 12 weeks after transplantation to harvest the entire medial menisci. The meniscal tissue area, transverse diameter on the inside of the medial collateral ligament, and histologic score were compared between the 3 groups.
The area and transverse diameter of regenerated tissues were larger in the ADSC sheet group than in the control group at 4 and 12 weeks. Further, the histologic score in the ADSC sheet group (8) was significantly greater than that in the control group (4.5) at 4 weeks (P = .02) and greater than that in the CD sheet group (9) (ADSC = 12.5, P = .009) and control group (6) (ADSC = 12.5, P = .0003) at 12 weeks.
Transplantation of the ADSC sheet into the meniscal defect increased the volume and improved the histologic score of the regenerated meniscal tissue. ADSC sheets may have meniscal regeneration-promoting effects in a rabbit model with meniscal defects.
ADSC sheets do not require a scaffold for implantation in the rabbit model, and this evidence suggests that some tissue regeneration occurs at the site of a surgically created meniscal defect.
本研究旨在探讨脂肪来源干细胞（ADSC）片在兔半月板缺损模型中促进半月板再生的作用。
从 42 只成熟雌性日本白兔的肩胛间脂肪垫中提取 ADSC。当细胞在第 3 代达到汇合时，在培养基中补充抗坏血酸。在一周内，培养中的细胞形成可移动的薄片，用作 ADSC 片。通过冷冻杀死 ADSC 来制备细胞死亡（CD）片，以研究 ADSC 片中是否需要活 ADSC。从前根到内侧副韧带后缘切除双侧前内侧半月板的前半部分。将自体 ADSC 或 CD 片移植到一侧膝关节（ADSC 片或 CD 片组）。在半月板切除后，对另一侧肢体进行闭合而不进行移植（对照组）。移植后 4 周和 12 周处死兔子，以收获整个内侧半月板。比较 3 组间半月板组织面积、内侧副韧带内侧的横径和组织学评分。
在 4 周和 12 周时，ADSC 片组的再生组织面积和横径均大于对照组。此外，ADSC 片组的组织学评分（8 分）在 4 周时明显高于对照组（4.5 分）（P=0.02），在 12 周时高于 CD 片组（9 分）（ADSC=12.5，P=0.009）和对照组（6 分）（ADSC=12.5，P=0.0003）。
将 ADSC 片移植到半月板缺损部位可增加再生半月板组织的体积并改善其组织学评分。ADSC 片在兔半月板缺损模型中可能具有促进半月板再生的作用。
ADSC 片在兔模型中不需要支架即可植入，这一证据表明，在手术造成的半月板缺损部位会发生一些组织再生。
