Negele Laura, Flexeder Claudia, Koletzko Sibylle, Bauer Carl-Peter, von Berg Andrea, Berdel Dietrich, Schikowski Tamara, Standl Marie, Peters Annette, Schulz Holger
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
Sleep Med. 2020 Aug;72:65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.007. Epub 2020 Mar 23.
Population-based studies on the association of objectively assessed physical activity (PA) with sleep among adolescents are rare. We examined this association by applying accelerometry and accounting for the day-by-day variability.
Accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X) were worn for one week by 1223 participants during the 15-year follow-up of the German birth cohorts (German infant study on the Influence of Nutrition Intervention plus air pollution and genetics on allergy development, GINIplus) and (Influence of Lifestyle factors on the development of the Immune System and Allergies in East and West Germany, LISA) to measure PA and sleep. PA was categorised into sedentary, lifestyle and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) referring to Sasaki and Romanzini. Sleep was analysed according to the algorithm developed by Sadeh. Sleep quality was represented by sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL) and time awake per hour after sleep onset (TAPH). Sleep and activity were additionally reported by diaries. Linear and generalized mixed-effects-models with logit-link with subject specific random intercepts were used stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding variables.
Physical activity appears to be associated only with sleep quality the following night. Among female participants, SE improved (β = 0.12 [95% CI = (0.05; 0.18)]) per 10 minutes increase of MVPA. SOL decreased (OR = 0.83 [95% CI = (0.69; 0.99)]) among male participants with at least 60 min of MVPA per day. Engaging in leisure sport MVPA was associated with higher SE among female (β = 0.70 [95% CI = (0.22; 1.17)]) and male participants (β = 0.76 [95% CI = (0.18; 1.34)]). Also, TAPH among female (β = -0.37 [95% CI = (-0.65; -0.09)]) and SOL among male subjects (OR = 0.70 [95% CI = (0.57; 0.85)]) decreased. Increasing lifestyle activity was related to longer SOL among female (OR = 1.36 [95% CI = (1.15; 1.62)]) and male subjects (OR = 1.32 [95% CI = (1.10; 1.58)]).
In this large population-based sample of German adolescents MVPA and leisure sport improved short term sleep quality, supporting regular PA in adolescents for their health benefit.
基于人群的青少年客观评估身体活动（PA）与睡眠之间关联的研究很少。我们通过应用加速度计并考虑每日变化来研究这种关联。
在德国出生队列（德国营养干预加空气污染和遗传学对过敏发展影响的婴儿研究，GINIplus）和（东西德生活方式因素对免疫系统和过敏发展的影响，LISA）的15年随访期间，1223名参与者佩戴加速度计（Actigraph GT3X）一周，以测量PA和睡眠。根据佐佐木和罗曼齐尼的方法，将PA分为久坐、生活方式和中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）。根据萨德开发的算法分析睡眠。睡眠质量由睡眠效率（SE）、入睡潜伏期（SOL）和睡眠开始后每小时清醒时间（TAPH）表示。睡眠和活动情况还通过日记进行记录。使用具有个体特定随机截距的logit链接的线性和广义混合效应模型，按性别分层并对混杂变量进行调整。
身体活动似乎仅与次日晚上的睡眠质量相关。在女性参与者中，MVPA每增加10分钟，SE提高（β = 0.12 [95% CI = (0.05; 0.18)]）。在每天至少进行60分钟MVPA的男性参与者中，SOL降低（OR = 0.83 [95% CI = (0.69; 0.99)]）。参与休闲运动MVPA与女性（β = 0.70 [95% CI = (0.22; 1.17)]）和男性参与者（β = 0.76 [95% CI = (0.18; 1.34)]）的较高SE相关。此外，女性的TAPH（β = -0.37 [95% CI = (-0.65; -0.09)]）和男性的SOL（OR = 0.70 [95% CI = (0.57; 0.85)]）降低。生活方式活动增加与女性（OR = 1.36 [95% CI = (1.15; 1.62)]）和男性（OR = 1.32 [95% CI = (1.10; 1.58)]）的较长SOL相关。
在这个基于德国青少年的大型人群样本中，MVPA和休闲运动改善了短期睡眠质量，支持青少年进行规律的身体活动以促进健康。
